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Abstract

Negotiation Discourse of Femininity Through Disney Princesses’ Movies. Femininity tends to be explained as a condition ‘to be a woman’, making it an ideology that gives limitations to women. Mills uses discourse theory to explain femininity, stating femininity is a process that is constructed and negotiated in every interaction. Disney Princesses show changes through times and each animation film, showing a negotiation of what defines femininity. The data collection was carried out by qualitative method narrative study, with Performativity of Gender by Judith Butler and Negotiation Discourse of Femininity theory by Sara Mills. Thirteen Disney Princesses were used as researched objects to show the slow changing of femininity. The results of this study show a change in Disney Princesses, through long negotiations based on the wave of feminism that occurred with the Disney Princess characters featured. Indications have shown through the Disney Princess characters who initially showed only stereotypes of feminine elements—such as being passive, gentle, not leaving their safe zone, becoming a Disney Princess who also showed stereotypical masculinity elements— such as being physically active, not easily afraid to discover new things, and showing bravery. This slow shift does not change the identity of Disney Princesses as a princess and as a woman.

Bahasa Abstract

Femininitas sering kali dideskripsikan sebagai kondisi menjadi perempuan. Karena interpretasi itu, femininitas menjadi eminisme yang memberi batas kepada perempuan. Mills menggunakan teori wacana untuk menegosiasikan definisi femininitas. Menurutnya, femininitas merupakan sebuah proses yang dikonstruksikan dan dinegosiasikan pada setiap interaksi. Putri Disney di film-film animasinya menunjukkan perubahan karakter putri kerajaan, memperlihatkan terjadinya negosiasi yang mendefinisikan femininitas. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif naratif yang berlandaskan teori performativitas gender dari Judith Butler dan negosiasi wacana femininitas dari Sara Mills. Tiga belas karakter putri Disney digunakan sebagai objek penelitian untuk melihat adanya perubahan stereotipe unsur femininitas. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perubahan karakter perempuan, melalui negosiasi panjang berdasarkan gelombang eminisme yang terjadi dengan karakter putri Disney yang ditampilkan. Indikasi perubahan tampak melalui karakter putri Disney yang pada awalnya hanya menunjukkan stereotipe unsur femininitas, seperti cenderung pasif, lemah lembut, tidak meninggalkan zona amannya, yang berubah menjadi putri Disney yang juga menunjukkan unsur stereotipe maskulinitas, seperti aktif secara fisik, tidak mudah takut menemukan hal baru, dan lebih berani. Perubahan yang ditunjukkan tidak mengubah identitas putri Disney sebagai seorang putri kerajaan dan sebagai perempuan.

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Video

Butler, Judith. 2011. “Judith Butler: Your Behavior Creates Your Gender | Big Think.” Big Think. https://www. youtube.com/watch?v=Bo7o2LYATDc.

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