Sustainable Development: Original Article
17 November 2025
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Sustainable Development: Original Article
29 October 2025
HOW SOCIAL, BEHAVIORAL, AND POLICY FACTORS IMPACT WATER SATISFACTION AND MANAGEMENT IN URBAN AREAS
The issue of water management in Indonesia’s specific urban contexts, specifically in Surabaya as an industrial hub and Bali as a tourist destination, is of paramount importance due to its impact on public health and environmental sustainability. This study analyses water management and conservation factors by comparing two distinct urban areas. The research design employs Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM), which involves a specialised approach for analysing the complex relationships between variables. The results of the analysis indicate that community attitudes in Surabaya, facilitated by infrastructure and technology, significantly predicts intention to perform (β=0.334, p<0.001) and water management satisfaction (β=0.409, p<0.001). In contrast, collaboration with the government enhances environmental constraints (β=0.285, p<0.003) and water management satisfaction (β=0.140, p<0.044). In Bali, where water management is based on traditional practices, community attitudes do not significantly affect water management satisfaction (β=0.095, p>0.431). Still, perceived norms reduce environmental constraints (β=-0.134, p<0.039) and enhance the intention to perform (β=0.189, p<0.037). The role of personal agency in Bali is more significant in reducing environmental constraints (β=-0.187, p<0.025) and increasing intention to perform (β=0.198, p<0.013). In contrast, in Surabaya, only personal agency was significant in increasing water management satisfaction (β=0.132, p<0.003). These findings suggest that Surabaya requires an integrative approach, while Bali must strengthen its locally based water management practices and enforce stricter regulations in the tourism sector to protect water resources.Current Articles
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Original Research Article
31 July 2020
BORACAY ISLAND DESTINATION IMAGE THROUGH TRAVEL BLOGS
Destination images are important information for marketing professionals, local planners, and travel bloggers on social media. The rise of social media has allowed more tourists to share their knowledge, emotions, and experiences from their travels. However, despite the popularity of adapting online narratives to destination images, little or no qualitative analysis has been conducted about island’s sustainable tourism development in the Philippines using information from social media. One type of destination are small islands in the Philippines. The examination is worthwhile inasmuch as the literature has been silent on destination images of top island retreats in the country, although there are many negative images of overcrowded and unsustainable resorts posted by both international and local tourists. Method of this research are using data from 83 travel blogs written from January 2013 to February 2018by visitors of Boracay, the current study extracts underlying themes and subthemes relating to visitors’ overall impressions, cultural exchanges, economic development, and environmental changes. It was determined that tourists are interested in the white beaches, breathtaking landscapes, and varieties of activities offered, such as island-hopping and “mermaiding.” There is also evidence that Boracay continues to face issues concerning its sustainability, such as threats on its unfortunate transportation system, losing its cultural identity, uncontrolled urbanization, and unsustainable solid waste management practices. The findings here are useful for local government, small island tourism planners, and service providers in understanding visitor perceptions of quality and value, which in turn have influenced the island’s competitiveness and sustainability.Case-Based Article
31 December 2020
AN OVERVIEW OF PLASTIC WASTE RECYCLING IN THE URBAN AREAS OF JAVA ISLAND IN INDONESIA
Plastic products have been an integral part of human lives. However, concerns over plastic pollution have been growing. Thus, alternative practices that allow more sustainable production and consumption pattern are urgently needed. Improving plastic recycling management is one of the solutions to prevent an increase in plastic pollution. This paper aims to uncover the potential of plastic recycling, to define factors that can leverage the expansion of the recycling process, and to evaluate possible measures that can realize such expansion, especially given the limited literature on these topics. Therefore, a four-month study, which involved two months of rigorous primary survey and interview and secondary data collection process to obtain valuable and accountable raw data, was conducted between October 2019–January 2020. The conducted study showed that the urban population in Java Island generated around 189,349 t of plastic waste per month, but only 11.83% of it was collected. The remaining 88.17% was either directly transported to landfills or littered in the environment. Five major plastic types were collected in the recycling stream, namely, rigid PP (25%), film HDPE (20%), rigid PET (20%), rigid HDPE (14%), and film PP (9%) with more than 80% of collected plastic waste originating from waste pickers. The paper highlights the major challenges in improving post-consumer recycling: (i) failure of post-consumer plastic recyclable to meet the quality industrial standard; (ii) limited recycling processes and infrastructure; (iii) low market demand for recycled products.Original Research Article
30 July 2021
PARASITE INFECTIONS IN POULTRY ENVIRONMENTS (CASE REPORT ON GALLUS DOMESTICUS ENDOPARASITE)
Infection of nematode and cestode worms in chickens can cause decreased egg production, weight loss, growth problems, weakness. The objective of this case study is to look at how an epidemiological approach, clinical symptoms, anatomical pathology investigation, and laboratory testing might help with disease diagnosis. The chicken was found from Banjar Tanggahan Tengah, Bangli, Bali with the type of native chicken (Gallus domesticus), at least 3 months old with the protocol number 369 / N / 20. Samples taken were brain, trachea, lungs, liver, heart, spleen, kidneys, proventriculus, intestines, and feces. Laboratory examinations carried out include histopathology, microbiology, and parasitology. The results of the pathological examination of the case showed that there was bleeding in the lobes of the lungs and liver, heart, brain, and trachea, there was edema, the small intestine and cecum had bleeding and mucosal enteritis, the spleen was depleted, the proventriculus was inflamed. Microbiology laboratory test results with the culture of organ samples identified by Escherichia coli bacteria. The results of fecal and microscopic parasite examinations found eggs and worms of the nematodes Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria caudinflata, Tetrameres americana, cestode Raillietina sp., And oocyst Eimeria sp. the protozoan digestive system. It is recommended that farmers improve cage sanitation and maintenance management for better poultry environments. Thus, the chickens would not easily infect by endoparasites.Review Article
31 December 2019
COAL MINING SECTOR CONTRIBUTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN EAST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE
Coal mining has been one of the issues that led to pros and cons in Indonesia. Research shows that mining activities are one of the factors that affect people’s incomes and local and national economic development. However, mining is a lucrative activity that leads to construction booms that attract population growth and lead to deforestation, thus affecting the environmental conditions of a region. The coal mining industry of Indonesian province of East Kalimantan, on the island of Borneo, provides most of the economic base needed to build the infrastructure and provide energy of the country. Kalimantan Province accounts for approximately 90 % of the entire country’s coal production. East Kalimantan, with its mining operations mainly in the district of Kutai and its expanded territory, is a major coal-producing region of the country. This article will examine how coal mining sector contributes to environmental conditions and Human Development Index (HDI) in the province of East Kalimantan. This research was conducted using a combination of scientific methods, including literature, spatial analysis using geographic information system (GIS) technology, and quantitative data analysis. From the analysis of the spatial issuance of coal mining permit in East Kalimantan, the coal mining sector has a direct impact on regional revenue and contributes indirectly to the HDI in the province of East Kalimantan. However, it turns out that the planning and management of natural resources field exploitation business licenses are not performed systematically. As a result, many problems arise, such as disputes over control and ownership of land (agrarian conflicts), damage to the landscape, deforestation, environmental pollution, and public health problems. Thus, anticipatory measures are needed by the government so that the economy of East Kalimantan Province remained stable and sustainable.Case-Based Article
31 December 2019
ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF TOFU PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF CLEANER PRODUCTION: CASE STUDY OF TOFU HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES IN SALATIGA, INDONESIA
Tofu is a soy-based food that is frequently consumed by Indonesian as a protein source. It is usually produced by household industries using traditional technology, which currently experiencing environmental problems with respect to the inefficiency of resource usage and inadequate waste disposal. Therefore, cleaner production strategy is potential to be implemented by previously mapping the current problems faced by the industries. This study aims to present an environmental analysis on tofu production in Salatiga in the context of cleaner production. In addition to provides information about the current production process and explains waste management performed by the industries, this study describes how the people in Kalitaman-Salatiga consider environmental issue around the tofu production. This study was conducted by a qualitative approach using interview, observation, and documentation. Laboratory analysis was conducted to provide supporting data. The results showed that only a small proportion of the tofu production process in Kalitaman meets the indicators for cleaner production in term of using raw materials efficiently and reusing solid wastes. Wastes in the form of smoke and wastewater are still disposed without prior treatment. The BOD5, COD, and TSS contents of tofu wastewater exceed the quality standard set by the Indonesian government. Although the respondents understand the negative impact of pollution to ecosystem, they are not yet concerned because it does not show a direct detrimental impact on their community. Therefore, raising environmental awareness is required in order to protect the ecosystem and to prevent environmental deterioration.Review Article
31 December 2019