"The Relationship Between the Use of Piped Drinking Water and the Incidence of Diarrhea" by Afifah Azharadipta, Azizah Meutia Putri Ianam et al.
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Abstract

Access to clean water remains a global challenge. According to the World Health Organization, in 2020 unsafe water and poor sanitation contributed to approximately 485,000 deaths annually due to diarrhea; one of the leading causes of child mortality in low- and middle-income countries. In Indonesia, UNICEF reported that nearly 70% of household drinking water sources are contaminated with fecal matter, increasing the risk of diarrhea, particularly among children under five. This study aims to analyze the association between the use of piped drinking water and the incidence of diarrhea among children under five in Indonesia. A cross-sectional study design was used, based on secondary data from the 2017 Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS), conducted across 34 provinces. The sample included 17,147 children under five who experienced diarrhea within the 24 hours or two weeks prior to the survey. Findings revealed that although all respondents used piped water as their main drinking water source, 14.2% still suffered from diarrhea. This indicates that piped water is not entirely safe. Children from low-income households, rural areas, and those without access to proper sanitation facilities were at higher risk. These findings underscore the urgent need to improve piped water quality and expand access to adequate sanitation to prevent diarrhea in children.

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Bahasa Abstract

Akses terhadap air bersih masih menjadi tantangan global. Menurut World Health Organization, pada tahun 2020 air dan sanitasi yang tidak aman menyebabkan sekitar 485.000 kematian akibat diare setiap tahunnya, terutama pada anak-anak di negara berpenghasilan rendah dan menengah. Di Indonesia, UNICEF melaporkan bahwa hampir 70% sumber air minum rumah tangga terkontaminasi tinja, meningkatkan risiko diare, khususnya pada balita. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan antara penggunaan air minum perpipaan dengan kejadian diare pada balita di Indonesia. Studi ini menggunakan desain potong lintang (cross-sectional) dengan data sekunder dari Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2017 yang mencakup 34 provinsi. Sampel terdiri dari 17.147 balita yang mengalami diare dalam 24 jam atau dua minggu terakhir sebelum survei. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa meskipun seluruh responden menggunakan air perpipaan sebagai sumber utama air minum, sebanyak 14,2% tetap mengalami diare. Temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa air perpipaan belum sepenuhnya aman. Balita dari keluarga miskin, yang tinggal di daerah pedesaan, serta rumah tangga tanpa fasilitas sanitasi layak memiliki risiko lebih tinggi mengalami diare. Temuan ini menekankan pentingnya peningkatan kualitas air perpipaan dan akses sanitasi yang memadai dalam upaya pencegahan diare pada anak.

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