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Abstract

Background. Mercury is one of the hazardous and toxic element in the form of persistent and bioaccumulative heavy silvery-white metal in the ecosystem, which causes particular threat to human and environmental health. One of the longterm biomarkers to assess mercury inside the body is hair. Methods. This study was an analytic observational study employing cross-sectional design with the main variable of residents’ employment status with hair mercury levels. Other variables measured were age, residence distance, frequent consumption of fish, fruits, and vegetables. The sampling technique was carried out by quota sampling with total of 43 respondents in each village. This study used secondary data obtained from the Jakarta Institute of Environmental Health and Disease Control (BBTKLPP). The data was collected by guided interviews and examinations of mercury levels in hair in the laboratory. Results. The chi-square test found that there was statistically significant correlation between employment status and mercury levels in hair (p=0,001 OR=4,825). From the Spearman correlation test, it was found that no correlation was obtained between age as a variable and mercury levels in hair (p=0,715), frequency of fruits consumption and mercury levels in hair (p=0,201), frequency of vegetables consumption and mercury levels in hair (p=2,07). However, there was a statistically significant correlation between frequency of fish consumption and mercury levels in hair (p=0,000 R=0,720). Conclusions. The chi-square analysis test found that no significant difference was obtained between respondents whose residence ≤ 261 meter and >261 meter from the artisanal small scale gold mining with mercury levels in hair (p=0,472)

References

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Bahasa Abstract

Latar Belakang. Merkuri merupakan salah satu bahan berbahaya dan beracun dalam bentuk logam berat yang persisten dan bersifat bioakumulatif dalam ekosistem sehingga menyebabkan ancaman khusus bagi kesehatan manusia dan lingkungan. Salah satu biomarker jangka panjang untuk mengukur merkuri dalam tubuh adalah rambut. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian observasional analitik dengan desain cross-sectional dengan variabel utama status pekerjaan responden dengan kadar merkuri dalam rambut masyarakat dan variabel lain yaitu umur, jarak tempat tinggal, frekuensi konsumsi ikan, buah, dan sayur. Teknik pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan quota sampling dengan responden sebanyak 43 orang di masing-masing desa. Data penelitian ini merupakan data sekunder dari institusi Balai Besar Teknik Kesehatan Lingkungan dan Pengendalian Penyakit (BBTKLPP) Jakarta melalui wawancara terpimpin dan pemeriksaan kadar merkuri dalam rambut di laboratorium. Hasil. Hasil penelitian menggunakan uji chi -square menunjukkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara status pekerjaan dengan kadar merkuri dalam rambut (p=0,001 OR=4,825). Hasil analisis uji korelasi Spearman menyatakan tidak terdapat hubungan antara variabel umur dengan kadar merkuri dalam rambut (p=0,715), frekuensi konsumsi buah dengan kadar merkuri dalam rambut (p=0,201), frekuensi konsumsi sayur kadar merkuri dalam rambut (p=2,07), akan tetapi terdapat hubungan yang signifikan secara statistik antara frekuensi konsumsi ikan dengan kadar merkuri dalam rambut (p=0,000 R=0,720). Simpulan. Hasil analisis uji chi-square menyatakan tidak ada perbedaan yang signifikan antara responden yang bertempat tinggal dengan jarak ≤ 261 meter maupun jarak >261 meter dari pengolahan emas dengan kadar merkuri dalam rambut (p=0,472).

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