"HUBUNGAN ANTARA RUANG TERBUKA HIJAU DENGAN PREVALENSI HIPERTENSI DI PR" by Dwi Nutfa Liani and Laila Fitria
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Abstract

Background. Study about the relationship between green space with the prevalence of hypertension in DKI Jakarta is necessary to be done considering of the availability of green spaces that are less than the minimum standard, and the prevalence of hypertension that continues to increase, The increase of urbanization in DKI Jakarta provokes many problems. One of the problems is about the availability of green spaces. The availability of green spaces in DKI Jakarta is only 10% from all the areas. Besides, according to UU No. 26 Tahun 2007 Tentang Penataan Ruang, the minimum standard of green space in city is 30% of the total area. Whereas, the existence of green spaces has many benefits, include health benefit. Studies shown that green spaces are protective factor of hypertension. The prevalence of hypertension is lower in areas with more green spaces. The prevalence of hypertension in DKI Jakarta remains to increase. In 2013, the prevalence of hypertension is only 20%, while in 2017 the prevalence mounts up to 34,95%. Methods. This study is an ecological study with the statistical test used is a simple linear regression test. Then, spatial analysis is also used to each variable. Results. There is poor relationship between the large of green spaces and the prevalence of hypertension in DKI Jakarta (R=0,247). The poor relationship between those variables are due to several factors that cause hypertension that cannot be directly affected by the existence of green spaces. Those factors are psychosocial factors, lifestyle factors, and the physical activity of community. Besides, the proportion of green spaces that support social interaction and community’s activities is considered low. Conclusions. The green spaces in DKI Jakarta are dominated by funerals and street trees which function in a way cannot support community’s activity that are beneficial for their health.

References

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Bahasa Abstract

Latar Belakang. Penelitian mengenai hubungan ruang terbuka hijau dengan prevalensi di Provinsi DKI Jakarta perlu dilakukan mengingat ketersediaan RTH yang kurang dari standar dan prevalensi hipertensi yang terus meningkat. Maraknya urbanisasi yang terjadi di Provinsi DKI Jakarta menimbulkan permasalahan, salah satunya adalah masalah ketersediaan Ruang Terbuka Hijau (RTH). Ketersediaan RTH di Provinsi DKI Jakarta hanya 10% dari total seluruh wilayahnya. Padahal berdasarkan UU. No. 26 Tahun 2007 Tentang Penataan Ruang standar minimal RTH di sebuah kota adalah 30% dari total seluruh wilayahnya. Padahal, keberadaan RTH memiliki banyak manfaat, salah satunya adalah manfaat untuk kesehatan. Terdapat penelitian yang menunjukkan bahwa RTH merupakan faktor protektif terhadap hipertensi. Prevalensi hipertensi lebih rendah pada wilayah dengan RTH lebih banyak. Prevalensi hipertensi di DKI Jakarta terus meningkat. Pada tahun 2013 prevalensinya hanya 20% sedangkan pada tahun 2017 prevalensinya menjadi 34,95%. Metode. Desain studi dari penelitian ini adalah studi ekologi dengan uji statistik yang digunakan adalah uji regresi linear sederhana. Kemudian analisis spasial juga dilakukan terhadap masing-masing variabel. Terdapat hubungan yang lemah antara luas RTH dengan prevalensi hipertensi di Provinsi DKI Jakarta (R= 0,247). Hasil. Berdasarkan analisis spasial bahwa persebaran prevalensi hipertensi tinggi dan RTH yang juga tinggi terpusat di pusat Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Simpulan. Hubungan yang lemah antar variabel tersebut dikarenakan terdapat beberapa faktor penyebab hipertensi yang tidak dapat dipengaruhi secara langsung oleh adanya RTH yaitu faktor psikososial, faktor gaya hidup dan kebiasaan aktifitas fisik masyarakat. Kemudian, proporsi RTH yang dapat mendukung interaksi sosial dan aktifitas masyarakat di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dinilai rendah dan didominasi oleh pemakaman dan jalur hijau yang secara fungsinya tidak dapat mendukung kegiatan masyarakat yang menguntungkan dalam segi kesehatan.

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