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Abstract

Clay brick industry worker are at risk for the health effect to exposure PM2,5, resulting from combustion and forming process. This study aimed to estimate the risk of PM2,5 exposure in ambient air to clay brick industry worker in Kecamatan Taktakan Serang Banten. This study used primary data of 73 worker and environment sampel was measured from 9 site with Haz dust EPAM 5000. Univariate data were present and health risk was calculated using environmental health risk assessment method that generates value of individual exposure intake per day. Exposure intake was calculated based on PM2,5 concentration, individual exposure patterns, and anthropometric value for body weight. Respondent in this study have 56,85 kg median of body weight, and 0,6 m3 median of inhalation rate. These are lower than EPA default value for 70 kg of body weight and 0,83 mg/m3 inhalation rate. Exposure time for forming process in median is 8 hours/day and 18 hours/day for combustion process. Health risk appear (RQ≥1) in forming process after 25 years exposure time with mean concentration 58,7 µg/m3 and in combustion health risk appear (RQ≥1) after 20 years exposure time with mean concentration 418,5 µg/m3. Risk management needed base on this finding is by limited worker exposure time in forming process to 7,2 hour/day and 13 hour/day in combustion process.

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Bahasa Abstract

Latar Belakang. Pekerja pengrajin batu bata berisiko terhadap dampak kesehatan akibat pajanan Particulate Matter (PM2,5) yang dihasilkan dari proses pembakaran dan proses pencetakan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi risiko pajanan PM2,5 di udara ambien pada pekerja batu bata di Kecamatan Taktakan Serang Banten. Metode. Penelitian ini menggunakan data primer dengan subyek penelitian sebanyak 73 pekerja dan sampel lingkungan dari 9 titik menggunakan alat Haz-dust EPAM 5000. Data disajikan secara univariat dan risiko kesehatan dihitung dengan metode analisis risiko kesehatan lingkungan yang menghasilkan nilai intake pajanan yang diterima individu perhari, berdarkan konsentrasi PM2,5, pola pajanan, dan karakteristik antropometri berupa berat badan. Hasil. Responden pada penelitian ini memiliki nilia median berat badan 56,85 Kg, dan nilai median laju inhlasi sebesar 0,6 mg/m3 lebih rendah dari nilai default EPA untuk berat badan 70 kg dan laju inhalasi 0,83 mg/m3.. Nilai median waktu pajanan untuk proses pencetakan 8 jam/hari dan 18jam/hari untuk proses pembakaran. Pekerja mulai berisiko (RQ≥1) pada proses pencetakan setelah durasi pajananan 25 tahun dengan konsentrasi rata-rata sebesar 58,7 µg/m3 sedangkan untuk proses pembakaran pekerja mulai ditemukan berisiko (RQ≥1) setelah durasi 20 tahun dengan konsentrasi rata-rata 418,5 µg/m3 . Simpulan. Berdasarkan temuan tersebut maka manajemen risiko yang dapat dilakukan adalah mengurangi waktu pajanan pencetakan menjadi 7,2 jam/hari dan waktu pembakaran menjadi 13 jam/hari.

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