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Abstract

Background. Workers at the Port of Tanjung Priok gate are at risk of exposure to PM2.5 generated from vehicles and capable of causing chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). This study aims to identify the relationship between PM2,5 with the incidence of COPD on workers at the Gate. Methods. The design of this study was cross sectional with a sample of 75 workers. PM2.5 measurements are done at 30 points at the gate. As for the identification of COPD events using spirometry and questionnaire tests. The variables in this study were PM2,5 concentration, age, nutritional status, disease history, exercise habit, heavy smoking, APD usage, length of work, length of service, distance and travel time. Results. The results showed no significant relationship between the concentration of PM 2.5 with the incidence of COPD value p = 0.149. As for other variables, only the use of PPE has a significant relationship with the incidence of COPD, p value = 0.001. Meanwhile, age (OR = 1.5) nutritional status (OR = 1.5) history of disease (OR = 1,7), exercise habits (OR = 2,3), duration of work (OR = 1,1), work (OR = 2,2), distance traveled (OR = 2,3) and travel time (OR = 1,9). Conclusions. The result of multivariate analysis shows that there is no confounding variable that can control the PM2,5 variable to the incidence of COPD. Need for further research with longitudinal approach to know big risk of PM2,5 to the incidence of COPD.

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Bahasa Abstract

Latar Belakang. Pekerja di pintu gerbang Pelabuhan Tanjung Priok merupakan kelompok berisiko terhadap pajanan PM2,5 yang dihasilkan dari kendaraan dan mampu menyebabkan penyakit paru obstruktif kronik (PPOK). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara PM2,5 dengan kejadian PPOK pada pekerja di Pintu Gerbang. Metode. Desain studi penelitian ini adalah cross sectional dengan sampel pekerja sebanyak 75 pekerja. Pengukuran PM2,5 dilakukan pada 30 titik di pintu gerbang. Sedangkan untuk identifikasi kejadian PPOK menggunakan tes spirometri dan kuisioner. Variabel dalam penelitian ini adalah konsentrasi PM2,5, umur, status gizi, riwayat penyakit, kebiasaan berolahraga, derajat berat merokok, penggunaan APD, lama kerja, masa kerja, jarak tempuh dan waktu tempuh. Hasil. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi PM 2,5 dengan kejadian PPOK nilai p =0,149. Sedangkan untuk variabel lain, hanya penggunaan APD yang memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan kejadian PPOK, nilai p= 0,001. Sementara itu umur (OR=1,5) status gizi (OR=1,5) riwayat penyakit (OR =1,7), kebiasaan berolahraga (OR= 2,3), lama kerja (OR= 1,1), masa kerja (OR=2,2), jarak tempuh(OR= 2,3) dan waktu tempuh (OR=1,9). Simpulan. Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat variabel konfounding yang dapat mengontrol variabel PM2,5 terhadap kejadian PPOK. Perlu adanya penelitian lanjutan dengan pendekatan longitudinal untuk mengatahui besar risiko PM2,5 terhadap kejadian PPOK

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