Multiplex PCR Assay to Distinguish Porcine and Non-Porcine Meats in Processed Foods using Specific Primers from NADH Dehydrogenase and ATP Synthase Gene

Authors

• Kristianto Nugroho, Research Center for Horticultural and Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16915, IndonesiaFollow
• Amalia Prihaningsih, Directorate of Laboratory Management, Research Facilities, and Science and Technology Park, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16915, IndonesiaFollow
• Rerenstradika Tizar Terryana, Research Center for Applied Botany, Research Organization for Life Sciences and Environment, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16915, IndonesiaFollow
• Slamet Diah Volkandari, Research Center for Food Processing and Technology, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Yogyakarta 55861, IndonesiaFollow
• Mastur Mastur, Agricultural Development Polytechnic, Ministry of Agriculture Republic of Indonesia, Yogyakarta 55167, IndonesiaFollow
• Puji Lestari, Research Center for Horticultural and Estate Crops, Research Organization for Agriculture and Food, National Research and Innovation Agency, Bogor 16915, IndonesiaFollow

Abstract

Food safety issues, such as food adulteration between halal and non-halal meats, are among the most serious problems in Muslim countries like Indonesia. Food adulteration produces a mixture of products that cannot be detected visually by customers, and it could lead to several social and health problems. The availability of a detection method that can disti-nguish between porcine and non-porcine meats is very important, particularly one that can be utilized in small-scale labo-ratories. The aim of this study was to design and optimize species-specific primers that could distinguish between porcine and non-porcine meats in processed foods by utilizing NADH Dehydrogenase and ATP Synthase genes through simplex and multiplex PCR assays. The results showed that DNA from all processed meats including bovine, chicken, and porcine was effectively amplified using the NADH Dehydrogenase and ATP Synthase primers designed in this study. The amp-licon bands produced were clear, visible, and of the targeted size both in simplex and multiplex PCR assays compared to the primers from other studies. The limitation of this study was the presence of non-specific bands detected with bovine NADH Dehydrogenase and porcine ATP Synthase primers. However, the presence of non-specific bands could overall be tolerated since the main targeted band was still clearly visible. The presence of these primers is expected to potentially support halal food authentication efforts, particularly in small scale laboratories located in remote regions in Indonesia

Recommended Citation

Nugroho, Kristianto; Prihaningsih, Amalia; Terryana, Rerenstradika Tizar; Volkandari, Slamet Diah; Mastur, Mastur; and Lestari, Puji (2026) "Multiplex PCR Assay to Distinguish Porcine and Non-Porcine Meats in Processed Foods using Specific Primers from NADH Dehydrogenase and ATP Synthase Gene," Makara Journal of Science: Vol. 30: Iss. 2, Article 8.
DOI: 10.7454/mss.v30i2.2294
Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/science/vol30/iss2/8