Electrochemical Sensors Based on Graphene Oxide/PEDOT:PSS Composite Decorated with Bimetallic Gold–Silver Nanoparticles for H2O2 Detection

Authors

Rayyan Azzahra Hidayat, Analytical Chemistry Division, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaFollow
Budi Riza Putra, Research Center for Nanotechnology System, National Research and Innovation Agency, Banten 15315, IndonesiaFollow
Munawar Khalil, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Indonesia, Depok 16424, IndonesiaFollow
Wulan Tri Wahyuni, Tropical Biopharmaca Research Center, Institut Pertanian Bogor, Bogor 16680, IndonesiaFollow

Abstract

Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) is a biomarker that indicates oxidative stress levels in the human body; thus, rapid and accurate detection methods are necessary to diagnose various disorders. This study developed a nonenzymatic electrochemical sensor for detecting H₂O₂ using bimetallic gold–silver nanoparticles (Au–Ag NPs) combined with graphene oxide and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate)-modified glassy carbon electrode. The surface properties of the modified electrodes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy–energy dispersive spectroscopy and atomic force microscopy. The electrochemical performance of the modified electrodes was evaluated using cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, and differential pulse voltammetry. The bimetallic Au-Ag NP-modified electrodes exhibited a higher current response to H₂O₂ than their monometallic counterparts. The sensor demonstrated a linear response at the H₂O₂ concentration of 75–200 μM, with a sensitivity of 0.0407 μA μM⁻¹ and a detection limit of 25 μM. Moreover, the modified electrodes demonstrated excellent selectivity for H₂O₂ and high repeatability of measurements (relative standard deviation < 5%). The detection of H₂O₂ levels in synthetic urine samples yielded results that were not significantly different from those obtained by the spectrophotometry method, indicating the potential of the developed sensor for clinical applications.

Recommended Citation

Hidayat, Rayyan Azzahra; Putra, Budi Riza; Khalil, Munawar; and Wahyuni, Wulan Tri (2025) "Electrochemical Sensors Based on Graphene Oxide/PEDOT:PSS Composite Decorated with Bimetallic Gold–Silver Nanoparticles for H2O2 Detection," Makara Journal of Science: Vol. 29: Iss. 4, Article 11.
DOI: 10.7454/mss.v29i4.2723
Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/science/vol29/iss4/11