•  
  •  
 

Abstract

Box Model of Freshwater, Salinity and Nutrient in the Delta Mahakam East Kalimantan. Research has been conducted in the southern part of the Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan. Method of measuring temperature, salinity, light transmission and turbidity by using CTD model 603 SBE and current measurement and bathymetry by using ADCP model RDI. Measurement parameters on the nutrient chemistry are based of water samples taken using Nansen bottles from two depths. The purpose of this study to determine the mechanism of freshwater, salinity and nutrient transport from the land of the Mahakam River which interact with seawater by using box models. The results illustrate that the vertical distribution of salinity in the Mahakam Delta has obtained a high stratification, where the freshwater salinity 12.30 psu at the surface of a river flowing toward the sea, and seawater of high salinity 30.07 psu flowing in the direction river under the surface that are separated by a layer of mixture. Freshwater budget of the sea (VSurf) obtained for 0,0306 x 109 m3 day-1, and the sea water salinity budget is going into the bottom layer system (VDeep.SOcn-d) obtained for 20,727 x 109 psu day-1. While time dilution (τSyst) obtained for 0.245 day-1 or 5.87 hours. Nutrient budget in the surface layer obtained by the system is autotrophic while in layers near the bottom tend to be heterotrophic.

References

[1] A.S. Sidik, Presented at the Rescopar Scientific Meeting in Mulawarman University, Samarinda, Indonesia, 2009. [2] A.B. Duxbury, A.C. Duxbury, K.A. Sverdrup, Fundamental of Oceanography. 4th Edition, MgGraw-Hill Companies, Inc, New York, 2002, p.158. [3] B.W. Pipkin, D.S. Gorsline, R.E. Casey, D.E. Hammond, Laboratory Exercise in Oceanography, 2nd Edition, W.H. Freeman and Company, New York, 1987, p.257. [4] S.S.L. Hettiarachchi, Ocean and Coastal Management 34/1 (1997) 29. [5] B. Triatmodjo, Tehnik Pantai, Beta Offset, Yogyakarta, 1999, p.397. [6] Hadikusumah, J.D. Lekalete, In: Ruyitno, A. Syahailatua, M. Muchtar, Pramudji, Sulistijo, T. Susana (Eds.), Pengaruh Arus terhadap Stratifikasi Massa Air di Muara Cisadane, Ekosistem Muara Cisadane, Puslit Oseanografi, LIPI, 2008, p.71. [7] I.H. Supriadi, Oseana 26/4 (2001) 1. [8] A.B. Sutomo, Hadikusumah, Q. Adnan, M. Simanjuntak, Lingkungan dan Pembangunan, Environment and Development 21/2 (2001) 91. [9] D.C. Gordon, Jr., P.R. Boudreau, K.H. Mann, J.E. Ong, W.L. Silvert, S.V. Smith, G. Wattayakorn, F. Wulff, T. Yanagi, Biogeochemical Modelling Guidelines, LOICZ Report & Studies No.5, Texel, The Netherlands, 1996, p.96. [10] S.V. Smith, C.J. Crooland, Australian Estruarine System: Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fluxs, LOICZ Report & Studies No.12, Texel, The Netherlands, 1999, p.182. [11] V. Dupra, Manukau Harbour, North Island, LOICZ Report & Studies No.12, Texel, The Netherlands 1999, p.98. [12] Anon., Laporan Akhir Penelitian Ekosistem Perairan Estuaria Cisadane, P2O-LIPI, Jakarta, 2005, p.82. [13] Hadikusumah, Box Model Budget Air Tawar dan Salinitas di Estuari Cisadane. Ekosistem Estuari Cisadane, In: Ruyitno, A. Syahailatua, M. Muchtar, Pramudji, Sulistijo, T. Susana (Eds.), Puslit Oseanografi, LIPI, Jakarta, 2008, p.57. [14] Anon., Laporan Akhir Studi Dinamika Selat Makassar Serta Interaksinya dengan Daratan P. Kalimantan dan P. Sulawesi, Program Kompetitif Kalimantan Timur dan Bangka-Belitung, P2O, LIPI, 2005. [15] N. Mahmood, S.R. Chowdhury, A.S.M. Sharif, M.M. Uddin, M.S. Ullah, Water, Nutrient and Sediment Flux Study through the Lower Meghna River Estuary (Hatiya Channel), In: Final Report for APN Project: An Assessment of Nutrient, Sediment and Carbon Fluxes to the Coastal Zone in South Asia and their Relationship to Human Activities, Sri Lanka National Committee of IGBP, Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science, 2004, p.359. [16] V. Meghana, Bapardekar, S.N. de Sousa, M.D. Zingde, Biogeochemical Budgets for Tapi Estuary. In: Final Report for APN Project: An Assessment of Nutrient, Sediment and Carbon Fluxes to the Coastal Zone in South Asia and their Relationship to Human Activities. Sri Lanka National Committee of IGBP; Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science, 2004, p.359. [17] A.I.M. Danish, A.R. Tabrez, A. Siddiqui, S. Rehman, R. Haq, Nutrient Budget calculated for the Indus River and Delta System. In: Final Report for APN Project: An Assessment of Nutrient, Sediment and Carbon Fluxes to the Coastal Zone in South Asia and their Relationship to Human Activities. Sri Lanka National Committee of IGBP; Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science, 2004, p.359. [18] S.P. Samarawickrama, S.S.L. Hettiarachchi, An Assessment of Nutrient Budgets of Lunawa Lagoon, Sri Lanka, In: Final Report for APN Project: An Assessment of Nutrient, Sediment and Carbon Fluxes to the Coastal Zone in South Asia and their Relationship to Human Activities, Sri Lanka National Committee of IGBP, Sri Lanka Association for the Advancement of Science, 2004, p.359. [19] S.M. Liu, G.H. Hong, X.W. Ye, J. Zhang, X.L. Jiang, Biogeosciences Discuss. 6 (2009) 391. [20] B. Lambert, Micropaleontological Investigations in the Modern Mahakam Delta, East Kalimantan (Indonesia), Carnets de Géologie/Notebooks on Geology, Maintenon, Article 2003/02 (CG2003_A02_BL), 2002. [21] T. Boonphakdee, T. Fujiwara, Enviroment Asia 1 (2008) 7. [22] Hadikusumah, J. Makara Seri Sains 12 (2008) 83. [23] Hadikusumah, In: Ruyitno, M. Muchtar, Pramudji, Sulistijo, T. Susana dan Fahmi (Eds.). Percampuran Massa Air Akibat Pengaruh Daratan dan Musiman di Teluk Jakarta. Puslit Oseanografi, LIPI, Jakarta, 2010, p.51. [24] J.D.H. Strickland, T.R. Parsons, Fish. Res. Board. Canada, Bull. 167 (1968) 1. [25] G.S. Jacinto, Manila Bay, Luzon Island, In: S.V. Smith, V. Dupra, Estuarine Systems of the South China Sea Region: Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorous Fluxes, LOICZ Core Project of the IGBP, Texel, The Netherland, 2000, p.35. [26] S.V. Smith, C.J. Crossland, Australian Estuarine Systems: Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphors Fluxes, LOICZ Report & Studies No.12, Texel, The Netherland, 1999, p.182. [27] S.V. Smith, V. Dupra, J.I. Marshall Crossland, C.J. Crossland, Estuarine Systems of the South China Sea Region: Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphors Fluxes, UNEP, LOICZ Report & Studies No.13, Texel, The Netherland, 2000, p.115. [28] P.R. Boudreau, Stoichiometric Analysis of CNP Budgets. http://data.ecology.su.se/MNODE/Methods/ stoich.htm, 2006. [29] Swaney, D.P. 2000. Rules of Thumb in Coastal Nutrient Budgets: General Notes. http://data.ecology.su.se/MNODE/Methods/rot/thu mb.htm, 2006. [30] B.N. Opdyke, A. Suzuki, P. Davies, G. Brunskill, In: S.V. Smith, C.J. Crossland (Eds.), Fly River, Budgets for Papua New Guinea Estuarine System, Australian Estuarine Systems: Carbon, Nitrogen and Phosphorus Fluxs, LOICZ Report & Studies No.12, Texel, The Netherland, 1999, p.182.

Download

Share

COinS
 
 

To view the content in your browser, please download Adobe Reader or, alternately,
you may Download the file to your hard drive.

NOTE: The latest versions of Adobe Reader do not support viewing PDF files within Firefox on Mac OS and if you are using a modern (Intel) Mac, there is no official plugin for viewing PDF files within the browser window.