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DOI

10.21143/jhp.vol55.no.3.2420

Abstract

This article evaluates the Environmental Protection and Management Law (UUPPLH) as amended by the Omnibus Law on Job Creation (UUPPLH-Ciptaker) and its implementing regulations. The evaluation uses the normative framework of the principle of non-regression to assess whether the provisions of the UUPPLH-Ciptaker and its implementing regulations represent a setback compared to the legal conditions prior to the enactment of the Omnibus Law. This paper argues that the changes introduced by the UUPPLH-Ciptaker indicate several regressions in Indonesia’s environmental law, particularly in the following areas: a) the weakening of provisions on Environmental Impact Assessment (AMDAL) and Environmental Management and Monitoring Efforts (UKL-UPL); b) the weakening of public participation in AMDAL-related decision-making; c) the replacement of environmental permits with environmental approvals, which results in uncertainty regarding the nature of this instrument—whether as an object of administrative dispute, supervision, or administrative sanctions such as suspension and revocation; d) setbacks in clarity regarding administrative supervision and sanctions, especially in relation to environmental approvals, technical approvals, and what is referred to as PB-related-to-PL; e) the dismantling of strict liability, particularly through Government Regulation No. 22 of 2021; and f) unnecessary decriminalization and conflicting formulations of criminal provisions. If sustainable development remains a goal of national development, the non-regression principle requires that the UUPPLH be removed from the scope of the Omnibus Law.

Bahasa Abstract

Tulisan ini mengevaluasi UUPPLH setelah amandemen oleh UU Ciptaker (UUPPLH-Ciptaker) dan peraturan pelaksanaanya. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan acuan kerangka normatif prinsip non-regresi, yang akan digunakan untuk menentukan apakah ketentuan UUPPLH-Ciptaker dan peraturan perundangan turunannya merupakan kemunduran jika dibandingkan kondisi sebelum UU Ciptaker. Tulisan ini melihat bahwa perubahan dalam UUPPLH-Ciptaker menunjukkan adanya berbagai kemunduran (regresi) hukum lingkungan di Indonesia, dalam hal: a). melemahnya ketentuan mengenai Amdal dan UKL-UPL; b). melemahnya partisipasi publik dalam pengambilan keputusan terkait Amdal; c). penghapusan izin lingkungan dengan persetujuan lingkungan, yang berujung pada ketidakjelasan instrumen perizinan ini, baik sebagai objek sengketa TUN, objek pengawasan, maupun sanksi administratif terkait pembekuan dan pencabutan keputusan; d). terjadinya kemunduran dalam hal ketidakjelasan mengenai pengawasan dan sanksi administratif, terutama terkait persetujuan lingkungan, persetujuan teknis, dan apa yang disebut PB-terkait-PL; e). dimatikannya tanggung jawab mutlak, terutama oleh PP Nomor 22 Tahun 2021; dan f). terjadinya dekriminlaisasi yang tidak perlu dan perumusan ketentuan pidana yang saling bertabrakan. Apabila pembangunan berkelanjutan memang masih menjadi tujuan pembangunan, prinsip non-regresi meminta agar UUPPLH dikeluarkan dari UU Ciptaker.

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