Mogok Kerja Tenaga Medis: Problematika pada UU Ketenagakerjaan dan Pilihan Model Pengaturannya

Authors

Rama Agung, Universitas Gadjah MadaFollow

DOI

10.21143/jhp.vol54.no4.1714

Abstract

The issue of healthcare workers' strikes remains complex in terms of regulatory frameworks. On one hand, there is a conflict of interest between public interest in access to healthcare services and, on the other, the Labor Law, which regards the right to strike as a fundamental right of workers, integral to collective bargaining. This paper examines the challenges in regulating healthcare workers' strikes by analyzing Article 139 of the Labor Law and exploring regulatory models that support the provision of high-quality healthcare services. The findings highlight several key points. First, Article 139 of the Labor Law does not yet provide a proportional approach to balancing the right to strike with the right to healthcare. This is due to rigid interpretations of the term "public interest," ambiguities in norms, a lack of alignment with the core essence of striking, and weakened access to striking. Empirical studies also reveal that strict conditions often make it challenging for strikes to be legally recognized, thus limiting worker protection. Second, two regulatory models are proposed for managing healthcare workers' strikes: a prohibition model with an arbitration mechanism and a controlled strike model implementing a Minimum Service Level (MSL). The author argues that the MSL model could achieve a reasonable balance between workers' ability to strike and the obligation of the government and employers to ensure proportionally accessible, quality healthcare services.

Bahasa Abstract

Mogok kerja tenaga medis masih memiliki permasalahan seputar pengaturannya. Pada satu sisi, terdapat konflik kepentingan antara public interest terhadap fasilitas dan pelayanan kesehatan. Di sisi lain, Undang-Undang Ketenagakerjaan menempatkan mogok kerja sebagai hak dasar pekerja sebagai bagian yang tak terpisah dari collective bargaining. Tulisan ini menganalisis bagaimana problematika pengaturan terhadap mogok kerja tenaga medis dari perspektif regulasi yang terdapat dalam Pasal 139 UU Ketenagakerjaan dan juga model pengaturan yang mengakomodasi pelayanan kesehatan yang tetap berkualitas. Dari hasil penelitian ini ditemukan beberapa hal. Pertama, Pasal 139 UU Ketenagakerjaan belum mengatur secara proporsional terkait dengan hak mogok dan hak atas pelayanan kesehatan. Hal ini dikarenakan penafsiran yang rigid dan kaku atas frasa kepentingan umum, kaburnya norma, ketidaksesuaian dengan esensi mogok kerja, pelemahan akses terhadap mogok kerja, dan melalui kajian terhadap penelitian empiris yang menunjukan bahwa mogok menjadi sulit untuk sah sehingga pekerja tidak mendapatkan perlindungan. Kedua, model pengaturan yang dapat digunakan untuk meregulasi mogok kerja tenaga medis yakni melalui model pelarangan dengan memberikan mekanisme arbitrase dan melalui model pemogokan terkontrol dengan menerapkan MSL (minimum service level). Penulis berargumentasi bahwa melalui model MSL ini diharapkan tercapai reasonable balance antara kemampuan dari pekerja untuk melakukan mogok dan kewajiban pemerintah serta pengusaha untuk menjamin tersedianya pelayanan kesehatan berkualitas secara proporsional.

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Recommended Citation

Agung, Rama (2025) "Mogok Kerja Tenaga Medis: Problematika pada UU Ketenagakerjaan dan Pilihan Model Pengaturannya," Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan: Vol. 54: No. 4, Article 5.
DOI: 10.21143/jhp.vol54.no4.1714
Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/jhp/vol54/iss4/5