Lahirnya Tensi Metafisik di Urat-Leher Projek-Projek Interpretasi Konstruktif

Authors

Herman Bakir, Universitas Djuanda, BogorFollow
Mukhtasar Syamsuddin, Universitas Gadjah MadaFollow

DOI

10.21143/jhp.vol54.no4.1726

Abstract

This project is a legal hermeneutics. The aim is to elaborate the paradigm of the law as integrity theory, Ronald Dworkin’s work, which has received recognition as one of the most influential philosophical systems in the world of law throughout the last century. The issues discussed are divided into three subjects: (1) the interpretation role in legitimizing “law” as a corpus that has a “soul”; (2) a concept of interpretation from the womb of the law as integrity theory; (3) the dual capacity of “constructive interpretation” in [a] “returning” law to its roots; and [b] housing “morals” within the body of positive law. The result: a kind of final picture for us: (1) The legal text (is a narrative that is) “living”. It is not just bones, flesh, and blood. This is the only component that is never finished in a text. It is always in statu interpretandi—like “a fruit that is never fully ripe.” The reason is its virtus flexibilitatis, which is unmatched by other components—its ability to evolve infinitely, to reincarnate, to adapt in mutatio temporum. At the heart of this pars invisibilis, resides the “soul” that has made every text of legal rules alive, functional, and truly working in its society; (2) Dworkin believes that the soul of every text can only be captured by using constructive interpretation—an interpretive technique that makes the theory of the law as integrity a “great teacher” for it. This theory indoctrinates every judge: the furthest goal of every interpretation is to find the “most sublime point of intersection” between the “three teleological factions”: [a] mens legislatoris; [b] contentio logica and [c] contentio moralis. There, resides the soul of every legal text; (3) This intersection actively drives the internalization and integration of moral values into the legal framework.

Bahasa Abstract

Proyek ini merupakan sebuah studi hermeneutika hukum yang bertujuan untuk mengelaborasi paradigma the law as integrity theory, sebuah teori hukum yang dikembangkan oleh Ronald Dworkin. Teori ini telah diakui sebagai salah satu sistem kefilsafatan paling berpengaruh dalam dunia hukum sepanjang satu abad terakhir. Isu utama yang diangkat dalam proyek ini dipecah ke dalam tiga subjek: (1) peran interpretasi dalam melegitimasi “hukum” sebagai suatu corpus yang memiliki “jiwa”; (2) konsep interpretasi yang berasal dari rahim the law as integrity theory; serta (3) kapasitas ganda “interpretasi konstruktif” dalam: [a] mengembalikan hukum ke akarnya; dan [b] menempatkan “moralitas” dalam tubuh hukum positif. Hasil yang diperoleh menunjukkan beberapa hal. Pertama, teks hukum adalah narasi yang “hidup”. Ia bukan sekadar terdiri dari tulang, daging, dan darah (fitur historis dan sosiologisnya), melainkan juga menyelundupkan unsur non-material dalam dirinya—semacam intrinsecus vivens atau pars invisibilis, yakni “dimensi semantis”. Dimensi ini merupakan komponen yang tak pernah selesai dalam sebuah teks; ia selalu berada dalam posisi in statu interpretandi, seperti “buah yang tidak pernah sepenuhnya matang”. Hal ini disebabkan oleh virtus flexibilitatis-nya—kemampuan bertransformasi secara tak terbatas, bereinkarnasi, dan beradaptasi dengan mutatio temporum. Di jantung dari pars invisibilis inilah bersemayam “jiwa” yang menjadikan setiap teks hukum hidup, fungsional, dan bekerja dalam masyarakat. Kedua, Dworkin meyakini bahwa “jiwa” dari setiap teks hanya dapat ditangkap melalui constructive interpretation—yakni kemampuan menafsir yang menjadikan teori the law as integrity sebagai rujukan utama. Teori ini mendoktrin bahwa tujuan tertinggi dari setiap interpretasi adalah penemuan “titik persinggungan paling sublim” antara tiga faksi teleologis: [a] mens legislatoris, [b] contentio logica, dan [c] contentio moralis. Di titik inilah “jiwa” dari setiap teks hukum bersemayam. Ketiga, titik persinggungan estetis tersebut menandai terjadinya proses internalisasi dan integrasi nilai-nilai moral ke dalam dunia hukum.

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Recommended Citation

Bakir, Herman and Syamsuddin, Mukhtasar (2025) "Lahirnya Tensi Metafisik di Urat-Leher Projek-Projek Interpretasi Konstruktif," Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan: Vol. 54: No. 4, Article 10.
DOI: 10.21143/jhp.vol54.no4.1726
Available at: https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/jhp/vol54/iss4/10