•  
  •  
 

DOI

10.21143/jhp.vol.53.no4.1534

Abstract

The increase in migrant workers is also accompanied by an increase in various violations of the human rights of migrant workers. Problems of human rights violations are becoming more serious for Irregular Migrant Workers, hence the need for appropriate measures to ensure the protection of their human rights. As an international entity, states are burdened with full rights and responsibilities in protecting, upholding and fulfilling the human rights of precarious migrant workers. Although in Law no. 18 of 2017 concerning the Protection of Migrant Workers does not accommodate non-permanent migrant workers, but they are still individuals whose rights are protected by the 1945 Constitution. Apart from that, protection in the international arena is carried out by ratifying the Human Rights Protection Convention. All Migrant Workers and Their Families and the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, therefore the state must protect the rights of migrant workers as stated in this convention. Governments at the regional level provide protection through the ASEAN Consensus on the Protection and Promotion of Migrant Workers' Rights, although it is only morally binding. Unfortunately, various human rights violations still occur among Indonesian non-permanent migrant workers, including, there are still Indonesian migrant workers in Malaysia whose personal documents are taken by their employers or human agents. East Nusa Tenggara Province (NTT) is an area sending TKI which has the highest number of cases. biggest trade. A number of migrant workers from NTT died in Malaysia and within a short time, a female migrant worker from Indonesia was reported to have died. In addition, Indonesian migrant workers receive the death penalty abroad

Bahasa Abstract

Meningkatnya pekerja migran diikuti pula dengan peningkatan berbagai pelanggaaran terhadap hak asasi para pekerja migran. Masalah-masalah pelanggaran hak asasi menjadi lebih serius bagi para Irregular Migrant Workers, oleh karena itu perlu tindakan yang tepat untuk memastikan perlindungan hak asasi mereka. Sebagai entitas internasional, negara dibebankan hak dan tanggung jawab penuh dalam melindungi, menegakkan dan memenuhi hak asasi manusia irregular migrant workers. Meskipun dalam Undang-Undang No. 18 Tahun 2017 tentang Perlindungan Pekerja Migran tidak mengakomodir irregular migrant workers, namun ia tetaplah individu yang hak-haknya dilindungi oleh UUD 1945. Selain itu, perlindungan di kancah internasional dilakukan dengan meratifikasi Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and their Families dan International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, oleh karenanya negara harus melindungi hak-hak pekerja migran yang telah tertuang dalam konvensi ini. Ditingkat regional pemerintah memberikan perlindungan melalui ASEAN Consensus on the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Migrant Workers meskipun hanya mengikat secara moral (morally binding). Sayangnya berbagai pelanggaran hak asasi manusia masih terjadi kepada irregular migrant workers Indonesia diantaranya, masih ada pekerja migran Indonesia di Malaysia yang dokumen pribadinya diambil oleh majikan atau agency mereka, Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur (NTT) adalah daerah pengirim TKI yang mempunyai jumlah terbesar kasus perdagangan manusia. Sejumlah pekerja migran asal NTT meninggal di Malaysia dan dalam waktu singkat, pekerja migran perempuan dari Indonesia dilaporkan tewas. Selain itu, Pekerja migran Indonesia menghadapi hukuman mati di luar negeri.

References

Buku

Alvin D Q, Mochamad. 2013. Politik Perlindungan Buruh migran Indonesia: Studi terhadap Penempatan TKI Sektor Domestik ke Malaysia. Jakarta: Departement Ilmu Politik D. Asplund, Knut, Suparman Marzuki, Eko Riyadi 2008. Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia. Yogyakarta: Pusat Studi Hak Asasi Manusia Universitas Islam Indonesia.

El Muhtaj, Majda. 2009. Dimensi-Dimensi HAM Mengurai Hak Ekonomi, Sosial dan Budaya. Jakarta: Rajawali Pers.

Hnedra Winata, Frans. 2011. Dilema Pengiriman TKW/TKI ke Manca Negara, Desain Hukum. Jakarta: Komisi Hukum Nasional

Lexi L, Apeles, Wenly Ronald J L, Theodorus Pangalila. 2015. Hukum Hak Asasi Manusia. Yogyakarta: Penerbit Ombak.

M. Hadjon, Philipus. 1987. Perlindungan Bagi Rakyat di Indonesia. Surabaya: PT. Bina Ilmu.

IOM. 2021. Panduan Penananganan Tindak Pidana Perdagangan Orang. Jakarta: International Organization for Migration (IOM) Indonesia

Mauna, Boer. 2005. Hukum Internasional (Pengertian Peranan dan Fungsi dalam Era Dinamika Global)[International Law (Understanding the Role and Function in the Era of Global Dynamics). Bandung: PT Alumni.

Riyadi, Eko. 2018. Hukum Hak Asasi Manua Prespektif Internasional, Regional, dan Nasional. Depok: PT Raja Grafindo Persada

Soekanto, Soerjono.1984. Pengantar Penelitian Hukum. Jakarta: UI Press

Van Hoof, G.J.H. 2013. Pemikiran Kembali Sumber-Sumber Hukum Internasional. Jakarta: Alumni

W. Soetjipto, Ani. 2015. HAM dan Politik Internasional Sebuah Pengantar. Jakarta. Yayasan Pustaka Obor.

Widyawati, Anis. 2017. Kebijakan Perlindungan Hukum Tenaga Kerja Indonesia Antara Harapan dan Kenyataan. Depok: Raja Grafindo

Jurnal

Anggraini, Riri.“Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Irregular Migrant Workers Indonesia Di Kawasan Asia Tenggara (Dalam Perspektif Hukum Ham Internasional.” Yuridika. Vol. 32 (2).

Darmawan, Adityo, Laras Putri. 2020. “Implementasi Tingkat Nasional dan Daerah atas Konsensus ASEAN 2017 dalam Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Indonesia.” Indonesian Prespective. Vol. 5 (1).

Ikawati, Erina. 2023. “ASEAN Consensus on the Protection and promotion of theRights of Migran Workers: Penjaminan Keamanan Manusia dan Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Perempuan.” Jurnal Hubungan Luar Negeri. Vol. 8, No. 1.

ILO, 2003. Preventing Discrimination, Exploitation, and Abuse of Women Migrant Workers: And Information Guide, Booklet 4 – Working & Living Abroad, ILO Gender Promotion Programme, Geneva

Rahmawati, Almas, Viani Puspita. 2021. “ASEAN Consensus on the Protection and Promotion of the Rights of Migrant Workers sebagai Rezim Perlindungan Pekerja Migran Berketerampilan Rendah di ASEAN.” Padjajaran Journal of Internasional Relations. Vol. 2 (2).

Website

Rostanti, Qomaria. 2023. Kasus TPPO di NTT Sudah Darurat, Warga di Minta tan Tergiur Iming-Iming Gaji Besar. https://news.republika.co.id/berita/rvxut8425/kasus-tppo-di-ntt-sudah-darurat-warga-diminta-tak-tergiur-imingiming-gaji-besar, diakses pada tanggal 22/11/2023. Pukul 00:11

BBC News Indonesia. 2023. TPPO: 'Iming-iming gaji besar' hingga 'bekingan oknum aparat', lima masalah utama di balik kasus perdagangan orang, https://www.bbc.com/indonesia/indonesia-65769108. Diakses pada 20/11/2023 Pukul 00:20

Download

Share

COinS