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DOI

10.21143/jhp.vol53.no1.1537

Abstract

Law Number 5 of 1990 concerning the Conservation of Natural Resources and Ecosystems has never been revised while the development of science and technology has influenced a paradigm shift in the protection of biodiversity. The proposal of Commission IV of the House of Representatives to propose a revision of Law Number 5 of 1990 was approved in the Plenary Session as a 2021 Priority Bill. However, in the draft Biodiversity Conservation Bill, recovery is still oriented towards the recovery of the area, while not yet regulating recovery for species that are victims of crime. This paper argues that the regulation of recovery sanctions for species in cases of wildlife crime is a must, because of two main things, namely first, the recognition of animal legal rights requires the state to formulate legal rules that are more favorable and see legal protection solely aimed at the interests of animals. Secondly, wildlife is part of the ecosystem components, which are interdependent, and if it is taken from nature, there must be actions to recover it and return it to nature so that the ecosystem cycle is restored. The regulation of sanctions for species recovery should at least explicitly stipulate that the responsibility for the cost of species recovery should be attached to the perpetrator.

Bahasa Abstract

Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 Tentang Konservasi Sumber Daya Alam Hayati dan Ekosistemnya belum pernah dilakukan revisi sementara perkembangan ilmu dan teknologi telah memengaruhi perubahan paradigma dalam pelindungan terhadap keanekaragaman hayati. Usulan Komisi IV DPR RI untuk mengajukan revisi atas Undang-Undang Nomor 5 Tahun 1990 disetujui dalam Rapat Paripurna sebagai RUU Prioritas 2021. Namun dalam draft RUU Konservasi Keanekaragaman Hayati, pemulihan masih beriorientasi pada pemulihan kawasan, sementara belum mengatur pemulihan bagi spesies yang menjadi korban kejahatan. Tulisan ini berargumen bahwa pengaturan sanksi pemulihan bagi spesies dalam kasus kejahatan terhadap satwa liar menjadi suatu keharusan, karena dua hal pokok yakni pertama, pengakuan hak hukum hewan mengharuskan negara merumuskan aturan yang hukum yang lebih berpihak dan melihat perlindungan hukum semata-mata ditujukan untuk kepentingan hewan. Kedua, satwa liar bagian dari komponen ekosistem dimana diantara komponen yang ada saling bergantung satu sama lain, yang bila ia diambil dari alam harus ada tindakan untuk memulihkannya dan mengembalikannya ke alam agar siklus ekosistem terpulihkan. Pengaturan sanksi pemulihan bagi spesies setidaknya harus mengatur secara eksplisit tanggungjawab atas biaya pemulihan bagi spesies dilekatkan pada pelaku kejahatan.

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