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Abstract

The study seeks to understand the implications of mining on the rights of the Yanomami Indigenous Peoples of theBrazilian Amazon. Brazil has great potential for mining activities in the future. However, in recent years there has been a large number of illegal gold mining activities contributing greatly to the environment both physically and socially. Illegal mining leads to clashes between miners and the Yanomami tribe as well as severe environmental degradation. These miners are estimated to account for about a third of Brazil's gold production. Illegal gold mining in the Amazon increases deforestation and water pollution resulting in deforestation of the Amazon jungle. The illegal gold mining that occurs in the Yanomami Indigenous Tribe has been contrary to the nawacita spirit of the International Labour Convention No. 169 of 1989. The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (IACHR) recommends that the government take preventive and curative measures to protect the Yanomami indigenous area.

Bahasa Abstract

Studi ini berusaha memahami implikasi penambangan terhadap hak-hak Masyarakat Adat Yanomami Amazon Brasil. Brasil memiliki potensi besar untuk aktivitas penambangan di masa depan. Namun, dalam beberapa tahun terakhir terjadi kegiatan penambangan emas ilegal berkontribusi besar terhadap lingkungan baik secara fisik maupun sosial. Penambangan illegal menyebabkan bentrokan antara penambang dan suku Yanomami serta degradasi lingkungan yang parah. Para penambang ini diperkirakan menyumbang sekitar sepertiga dari produksi emas Brasil. Penambangan emas illegal di Amazon meningkatkan penggundulan hutan dan pencemaran air yang mengakibatkan deforestasi hutan Amazon. Penambangan emas illegal yang terjadi di Suku Adat Yanomami Brasil telah bertentangan dengan semangat nawacita Konvensi Perburuhan Internasional Nomor 169 Tahun 1989. Komisi Hak Asasi Manusia Antar-Amerika (IACHR) merekomendasikan agar pemerintah mengambil langkah-langkah preventif dan kuratif untuk melindungi kawasan adat Yanomami.

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