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DOI

10.21143/jhp.vol49.no4.2354

Abstract

Natural gas is a very important non-renewable natural resource that controls the lives of many people. Therefore, the exploitation and utilization of natural gas must be carried out wisely and for the greatest prosperity of the people. This is mandated in Article 33 Paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia that "Earth, water and the natural resources contained therein are controlled by country and used for the greatest prosperity of the people". With the promulgation of Law Number 22 the Year 2001 concerning Oil and Gas, there has been restructuring in the implementation of natural gas exploitation through pipelines in Indonesia. The law provides more space for private entities to engage in gas exploitation with the purpose to create healthy competition, transparency, improving national development, efficiency in exploiting natural gas and to develop competitive price so that the end consumer can enjoy the benefits. By its implementing regulations, namely, the Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Number 19 of 2009, natural gas exploitation through pipelines is carried out through an “unbundling” and “open access” mechanism.

Bahasa Abstract

Gas alam adalah sumber daya alam tidak terbarukan yang sangat penting yang mengendalikan kehidupan banyak orang. Karena itu, eksploitasi dan pemanfaatan gas bumi harus dilakukan secara bijak dan untuk kemakmuran terbesar rakyat. Hal ini diamanatkan dalam Pasal 33 ayat (3) Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia Tahun 1945 bahwa "Bumi, air dan sumber daya alam yang terkandung di dalamnya dikendalikan oleh negara dan digunakan untuk kemakmuran terbesar rakyat". Dengan diberlakukannya Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2001 tentang Minyak dan Gas Bumi, telah terjadi restrukturisasi dalam pelaksanaan eksploitasi gas bumi melalui jaringan pipa di Indonesia. Undang-undang ini memberikan lebih banyak ruang bagi entitas swasta untuk terlibat dalam eksploitasi gas dengan tujuan untuk menciptakan persaingan yang sehat, transparansi, meningkatkan pembangunan nasional, efisiensi dalam mengeksploitasi gas alam dan menciptakan harga yang kompetitif sehingga konsumen akhir dapat menikmati manfaatnya. Dengan peraturan pelaksananya, yaitu Peraturan Menteri Energi dan Sumber Daya Mineral Nomor 19 tahun 2009 tentang eksploitasi gas bumi melalui jaringan pipa dilakukan melalui mekanisme “Unbundling” dan “Open Access”.

References

BP Statistical Review of World Energy 2018. Goverment Regulation Number 36 Year 2004. Hanan Nugroho, “Deregulasi Setengah Hati: Tinjauan Terhadap Restrukturisasi Energi di Indonesia” Faculty of Economic Postgraduated, Universitas Indonesia & Alumni of Economic Bachelor, Universitas Indonesia , Jakarta, 8-9 December 2004). Hary G Broadman, Joseph P Kalt “Hows natural Monopoly? The case of Bypass in Natural Gas Distribution Market”. Yale Journal on regulation Volume 6 Issue 2 Yale Journal on Regulation (1989). Indonesia, Undang-Undang Nomor 44 Prp Tahun 1960 Tentang Pertambangan Minyak dan Gas Bumi Indonesia, Regulation Number 22 Year 2001 Oil and Gas Indonesia, Regulation Number 8 Year 1971 Tentang Oil Mining and Gas Company in Indonesia Joel B Eisen (Professor of Law University of Richmond School Of Law). An Open Access Distribution Tarrif: Removing Barries to Innovation on Smart Grid. UCLA Law Review No. 61 UCLA L.Rev.1712 (2014) Johnny Ibrahim, 2007, Teori dan Metode Penelitian Hukum Normatif, Surabaya, Bayumedia. Philip M Martson.Vice President of Hadson. “Gas System Pipeline Restructuring: The Future of Open-Access Transportation.” Energy Law Journal Vol 12:53. JSTOR 1991 Perloff, J., 2012. Microeconomics, Pearson Education, England. Maria Farida, 2007, Ilmu Perundang-undangan, Kanisius, Yogyakarta Ministerial Regulation Number 19 Year 2009 Moh. Mahfud MD, 2000, Demokrasi dan Konstitusi di Indonesia, Jakarta. Mulhadi, 2010, Hukum Perseroan dan Bentuk-Bentuk Badan Usaha Di Indonesia, Bogor, Ghalia Indonesia. Saeid Mokhatab, William A. Poe, and John Y. Mak, Handbook of Natural Gas Transmission and Processing: Principles and Practices (Oxford, United Kingdom: Gulf Professional Publishing, 2015). Sudikno Mertokusumo, 2001, Penelitian Hukum Suatu Pengantar, Second Edition, Yogyakarta, Liberty.

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