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DOI

10.21143/jhp.vol48.no3.1741

Abstract

The 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia in an explicit manner stipulates that every Indonesian citizen has the obligation to participate in defending the state. This is stated on the article 27 clause 3 of the Constitution, which reads, “Each citizen shall have the right and duty to participate in the effort of defending the state”. In a more specific manner, state defending is also stated on article 9 clause 1 and 2 of the Law number 3 year 2002 on the State Defence. The article mentions that the effort on state defending is elaborated in the performance of state defence, which includes civic education, compulsory basic military training, voluntary or compulsory service in Indonesia Armed Forces, and professional service. However, at practical level, the effort on state defending has not yet been performed in a systematic manner, particularly with the absence of comprehensive state defending education system for young generation. This circumstance may affect to the national resilience, which is related to the dynamics of geopolitics. This article suggests a system of state defending education, starts from secondary (junior high school and senior high school) to the preparation for tertiary education levels or entrance into workforce. In the future, the system may become reference for the formulation of concept on curriculum, as well as policy and regulation on state defending

Bahasa Abstract

Undang-Undang Dasar Negara Republik Indonesia 1945 (UUD NRI 1945) secara eksplisit mengatur kewajiban warga negara Indonesia (WNI) untuk ikut serta dalam upaya bela negara. Hal itu tertuang dalam pasal 27 ayat 3 UUD NRI 1945 yang berbunyi, “Setiap warga negara berhak dan wajib ikut serta dalam upaya pembelaan negara”. Lebih lanjut, ketentuan mengenai bela negara diatur dalam Undang-Undang nomor 3 tahun 2002 tentang Pertahanan Negara (UU No.3/2002), yaitu dalam pasal 9 ayat 1 dan 2. Pasal itu mengetengahkan bahwa upaya bela negara diwujudkan dalam penyelenggaraan pertahanan negara, serta mencakup pendidikan kewarganegaraan, pelatihan dasar kemiliteran secara wajib, pengabdian sebagai Tentara Nasional Indonesia secara sukarela atau secara wajib, serta pengabdian sesuai dengan profesi. Akan tetapi, upaya bela negara pada tataran praksis belum terlaksana secara sistematis; salah satunya terlihat pada ketiadaan suatu sistem pendidikan bela negara yang komprehensif pada generasi muda. Kondisi ini dapat berpengaruh pada ketahanan nasional yang berhubungan erat dengan dinamika geopolitik. Artikel ini hendak memperkenalkan sistem pendidikan bela negara sejak jenjang sekolah menengah pertama, sekolah menengah atas, hingga persiapan untuk perguruan tinggi dan atau dunia pekerjaan. Selanjutnya, materi di dalam karya ini dapat dijadikan salah satu referensi konsep dalam membuat kurikulum, mupun aturan dan kebijakan tentang bela negara.

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