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Abstract

Natural resources exploitation not only have an effect to the balance of environment ecosystem but also to the indigenous people as a caretaker for the genetic resources. The indigenous people are the most entitled ones to gain the commercial benefit from the use of the genetic resources.The protection and benefit sharing for the use of genetic resources need to be reaffirmed in the existing national law instrument. The provision about the protection and benefit sharing in the use of genetic resources can not only regulated in environment law instrument, but should regulated in intellectual property right law instrument as well. Patent law is the most related closely in the use of genetic resources, considered as the most concordant to regulate the protection of genetic resources and the benefit sharing as well.

Bahasa Abstract

Eksploitasi sumber daya alam tidak hanya mempunyai dampak pada keseimbangan ekosistem lingkungan hidup namun juga bagi masyarakat pengemban sumber daya genetik yang bersangkutan. Masyarakat pengemban sumber daya genetik sebenarnya adalah pihak yang paling berhak untuk menikmati keuntungan komersial dari sumber daya genetik yang diembannya. Keterbatasan teknologi membuat industri lebih banyak menikmati keuntungan komersial dari penggunaan sumber daya genetik ini. Perlindungan dan pembagian manfaat terhadap penggunaan sumber daya genetik perlu dipertegas dalam instrumen hukum nasional yang ada. Ketentuan mengenai perlindungan dan pembagian manfaat dalam penggunaan sumber daya genetik tidak hanya dapat diatur dalam instrumen hukum lingkungan, namun seharusnya pada instrumen hukum hak kekayaan intelektual seperti hukum paten yang erat kaitannya dengan penggunaan sumber daya genetik.

References

Buku

Egg, A. Brack. „Biodiversidad: Firmeza necesaria‟, Actualidad Económica (2005), September edition. Maryanto, Ibnu, dkk. Bioresources untuk Pembangunan Ekonomi Hijau, Jakarta: LIPI Press, 2013. Brink, M., and Escobin, Plant Resources of South-East Asia No.17, Fibre Plants, Prosea Foundation, 2003. Kartawinata, K. Enam Dasawarsa Penelitian Vegetasi Alami di Indonesia, Dalam S. Soemodihardjo & S. D. Sastrapradja (Eds.), Enam Dasawarsa Ilmu dan Ilmuwan di Indonesia, Bogor: Naturindo.

Dokumen

Delegations of Indonesia, Bandung Declaration on The Protection of Traditional Cultural Expressions, Traditional Knowledge and Genetic Resources, Geneva, July 3 to 12, 2007. Eight Session IGC on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore‟s Meeting, Patent System and The Fight Againts Biopiracy – The Peruvian Experience, Geneva, June 6 to 10 2005. Eleventh Session IGC on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore‟s Meeting, Combating Biopiracy The Peruvian Experience, Geveva, July 3 to 12, 2007. Fifth Session IGC on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore‟s Meeting, Patents Referring to Lepedium Meyeni (Maca), Reponses of Peru, Geneva, April 24 to 28, 2006. Laporan Lokakarya Nasional Strategi Pengembangan Pembayaran dan Imbal Jasa Lingkungan di Indonesia, Jakarta, 14-15 Februari 2005. Ninth Session IGC on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore‟s Meeting, Analysis of Potensial Case of Biopiracy, Geneva, April 24 to 28, 2006. Second Session IGC on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore‟s Meeting, Declaration of Shaman on Intellectual Property and Genetic Resources, Traditional Knowledge and Folklore, Geneva, December 10 to 14, 2001.

Jurnal

León B., et.al. El libro rojo de las plantas endémicas del Perú, ”Revista Peruana de Biología”, special edition, Vol. 13, No. 2: 95-225 (National University of San Marcos (UNMSM), Biological Sciences Faculty: 2006), ISSN 1561-0837.

Peraturan

Undang-Undang No.32 Tahun 2009 tentang Perlindungan dan Pengelolaan Lingkungan Hidup Undang-Undang No.23 Tahun 2014 tentang Pemerintah Daerah Peraturan Menteri Komunikasi dan Informatika Nomor: 32/PER/M.KOMINFO/10/2008 Tentang Kewajiban Pelayanan Universal Telekomunikasi.

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