Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development

Where Environmental Science Meets Sustainability

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Volume 8, Issue 2 (2025)Read More

Featured Content

Front Matter
31 December 2025

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: BEHAVIORAL TRANSFORMATION TO KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM INTEGRATION FOR SUSTAINABILITY ACTION

Ahyahudin Sodri, Herdis Herdiansyah
Sustainability issues are now a global concern. However, knowing the root causes of problems and the target is not the only factor that constantly motivates change for the better (Wamsle & Osberg, 2022) as such change also requires encouragement from actors, including individuals, organizations, and communities. Therefore, the human aspect is crucial for the successful achievement of sustainability (Hariram et al., 2023). In other words, questions on sustainability are not just about "what should be done?" and also on “how to get people to do it?” and “why are currently available interventions not yet fully utilized?” Such is required reflecting the findings of a body of previous research which accentuates that our main struggle in the global era we already in, is the discrepancy between awareness and action, between policy and practice, between scientific knowledge and behavior (Hariram et al., 2023; Kirchner-Krath et al., 2024). Global sustainability efforts often promoted into green technologies and environmental policies. It has shown that even well-designed interventions, the result not always in meaningful change. In several countries, some initiatives have fallen short because they overlook the psychological and socio-cultural factors that shape individual behavior and collective decision-making (de Costa et al., 2025). It also requires a deep understanding of community perspectives as expressed through local social norms and everyday practices. As a result, the presence of infrastructure or the financial support mechanism alone is not enough to drive meaningful change (Kinzig et al., 2013). Local context is another critical factor that shape adoption behavior and the extent to which proposed solutions are accepted and supported (Carmen et al., 2024; Syamsiyah et al., 2025). In this context, a more comprehensive understanding of environmental science is required. With the philosophy of environmental science, humans constitute is one of the three core dimensions, together with environmental and economic factors, and any effective approach that must balance to these elements. However, when modern environmental science, characterized by data analyses and methodologies is applied in practice, it often meets tensions with deeply rooted local and traditional knowledge systems that have shaped people’s perceptions and behaviors for generations (Ijatuyi et al., 2025). A clear example can be found in Bali, where the Subak irrigation system and the Danu Kerthi philosophy have guided water management for centuries. These practices represent living environmental systems rather than merely cultural heritage to be preserved. When traditional approaches are used into environmental science, conservation efforts are often more effective, as they are grounded in community acceptance and sustained through active local participation (Morse, 2025). This integration can serve as a recognition that centuries-old knowledge systems have legitimacy and effectiveness that must be combined with scientific monitoring and formal governance to achieve optimal conservation outcomes. Beyond the local context, the organizational context, both in the public and private sectors, can also act as a transformative agent in driving individual practices (Borrás et al., 2024; Keil et al., 2025). Green human resource management (GHRM) integrates environmental and individual lifecycle goals within an organization. This approach demonstrates how integrating understandings of desires can influence individual behaviour and drive organizational innovation that contributes to sustainability (Ahmad et al., 2025; Borrás et al., 2024; Keil et al., 2025; Shoaib et al., 2025). This 15th issue of the Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development focuses on an often overlooked yet fundamental dimension of sustainability: the ways in which human behavior, cultural and spiritual value systems, local institutional contexts, and the integration of traditional knowledge with modern science collectively shape sustainable landscapes. Unlike previous editions that highlight biophysical and techno-ecological aspects, this issue shifts attention into questions of agency, motivation, beliefs, norms, and meaningful systems that highlight environmental decisions and actions. This perspective shows the critical need for interdisciplinary approaches to explaining contemporary sustainability challenges. Environmental issues today extend beyond ecological degradation to include human behavior and the capacity of diverse knowledge systems, scientific, local, and policy-based, to interact and function cohesively. Consequently, behavioral transformation supported by the integration of multiple knowledge systems represents a fundamental pathway toward effective, adaptive, and long-term sustainability action. The articles in this issue explore diverse geographic and sectoral contexts, ranging from the application of green transportation technologies, air management in urban-industrial versus traditional-tourism contexts, climate adaptation in agricultural communities, global natural resource management (GHRM) practices in the tourism sector, to indigenous wisdom-based lake conservation and sustainable food systems.
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Environmental Science: Original Article
29 December 2025

COMMUNICATION FACTORS INFLUENCING SMALLHOLDER FARMERS' ADOPTION OF CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION MEASURES IN KENYA’S EMBU COUNTY

Olive Ndwiga, Dominic Mutambu, Daniel Manguriu, Monicah Mucheru-Muna
Climate change in Kenya has severely impacted the agricultural sector, affecting food security. It is crucial to enhance farmers’ adaptive capacity to cope with these threats. Effective communication of climate variation risks and coping measures is essential to improve farmers' adaptive capacity. Nevertheless, the adoption of adaptation measures remains low. This is because the influence of communication factors remains underexplored. Therefore, this study focuses on exploring the communication factors affecting the adoption of climate variation adaptation measures in Embu County. The study was conducted in 2023 and 2024 and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The cross-sectional study design was used, involving structured questionnaires (n=227) and interviews (n=10). The communication factors were the independent variables, while the adoption of adaptation measures was the dependent variable. Cronbach's alpha test for reliability and validity resulted in an acceptable value (0.8). The analysis methods used in this study include descriptive statistics, such as frequencies, percentages, mean, and binary logistic regression. The findings show that the sources of climate information used by farmers include broadcasting media, print media, agricultural extension agents, fellow farmers, shows, and exhibitions. Lack of training (p=0.01), non-membership in groups (p=0.01), limited access to agricultural extension services following the introduction of agricultural technologies (p=0.00), and low literacy levels (p=0.01) were found to significantly influence the adoption of adaptation measures at 0.05 while lack of practical orientation (p=0.08) was significant at 0.1. Thus, improving farmers’ literacy levels, access to practical orientation, providing extension services and training, and encouraging group membership are necessary to enhance climate change adaptation. The Ministry of Agriculture should establish local training centres for smallholder farmers. Additional studies are required to assess the effectiveness of extension agents on the adoption of adaptation measures.
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Current Articles

Front Matter31 December 2025

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT: BEHAVIORAL TRANSFORMATION TO KNOWLEDGE SYSTEM INTEGRATION FOR SUSTAINABILITY ACTION

Ahyahudin Sodri, Herdis Herdiansyah
Sustainability issues are now a global concern. However, knowing the root causes of problems and the target is not the only factor that constantly motivates change for the better (Wamsle & Osberg, 2022) as such change also requires encouragement from actors, including individuals, organizations, and communities. Therefore, the human aspect is crucial for the successful achievement of sustainability (Hariram et al., 2023). In other words, questions on sustainability are not just about "what should be done?" and also on “how to get people to do it?” and “why are currently available interventions not yet fully utilized?” Such is required reflecting the findings of a body of previous research which accentuates that our main struggle in the global era we already in, is the discrepancy between awareness and action, between policy and practice, between scientific knowledge and behavior (Hariram et al., 2023; Kirchner-Krath et al., 2024). Global sustainability efforts often promoted into green technologies and environmental policies. It has shown that even well-designed interventions, the result not always in meaningful change. In several countries, some initiatives have fallen short because they overlook the psychological and socio-cultural factors that shape individual behavior and collective decision-making (de Costa et al., 2025). It also requires a deep understanding of community perspectives as expressed through local social norms and everyday practices. As a result, the presence of infrastructure or the financial support mechanism alone is not enough to drive meaningful change (Kinzig et al., 2013). Local context is another critical factor that shape adoption behavior and the extent to which proposed solutions are accepted and supported (Carmen et al., 2024; Syamsiyah et al., 2025). In this context, a more comprehensive understanding of environmental science is required. With the philosophy of environmental science, humans constitute is one of the three core dimensions, together with environmental and economic factors, and any effective approach that must balance to these elements. However, when modern environmental science, characterized by data analyses and methodologies is applied in practice, it often meets tensions with deeply rooted local and traditional knowledge systems that have shaped people’s perceptions and behaviors for generations (Ijatuyi et al., 2025). A clear example can be found in Bali, where the Subak irrigation system and the Danu Kerthi philosophy have guided water management for centuries. These practices represent living environmental systems rather than merely cultural heritage to be preserved. When traditional approaches are used into environmental science, conservation efforts are often more effective, as they are grounded in community acceptance and sustained through active local participation (Morse, 2025). This integration can serve as a recognition that centuries-old knowledge systems have legitimacy and effectiveness that must be combined with scientific monitoring and formal governance to achieve optimal conservation outcomes. Beyond the local context, the organizational context, both in the public and private sectors, can also act as a transformative agent in driving individual practices (Borrás et al., 2024; Keil et al., 2025). Green human resource management (GHRM) integrates environmental and individual lifecycle goals within an organization. This approach demonstrates how integrating understandings of desires can influence individual behaviour and drive organizational innovation that contributes to sustainability (Ahmad et al., 2025; Borrás et al., 2024; Keil et al., 2025; Shoaib et al., 2025). This 15th issue of the Journal of Environmental Science and Sustainable Development focuses on an often overlooked yet fundamental dimension of sustainability: the ways in which human behavior, cultural and spiritual value systems, local institutional contexts, and the integration of traditional knowledge with modern science collectively shape sustainable landscapes. Unlike previous editions that highlight biophysical and techno-ecological aspects, this issue shifts attention into questions of agency, motivation, beliefs, norms, and meaningful systems that highlight environmental decisions and actions. This perspective shows the critical need for interdisciplinary approaches to explaining contemporary sustainability challenges. Environmental issues today extend beyond ecological degradation to include human behavior and the capacity of diverse knowledge systems, scientific, local, and policy-based, to interact and function cohesively. Consequently, behavioral transformation supported by the integration of multiple knowledge systems represents a fundamental pathway toward effective, adaptive, and long-term sustainability action. The articles in this issue explore diverse geographic and sectoral contexts, ranging from the application of green transportation technologies, air management in urban-industrial versus traditional-tourism contexts, climate adaptation in agricultural communities, global natural resource management (GHRM) practices in the tourism sector, to indigenous wisdom-based lake conservation and sustainable food systems.

Most Popular Articles

Original Research Article
31 July 2020

BORACAY ISLAND DESTINATION IMAGE THROUGH TRAVEL BLOGS

Peter Lorenz Salmon, Ronelia Amen, Jan Patrick Aguilar, John Benedict Javellana, Cheryl Joy Fernandez
Destination images are important information for marketing professionals, local planners, and travel bloggers on social media. The rise of social media has allowed more tourists to share their knowledge, emotions, and experiences from their travels. However, despite the popularity of adapting online narratives to destination images, little or no qualitative analysis has been conducted about island’s sustainable tourism development in the Philippines using information from social media. One type of destination are small islands in the Philippines. The examination is worthwhile inasmuch as the literature has been silent on destination images of top island retreats in the country, although there are many negative images of overcrowded and unsustainable resorts posted by both international and local tourists. Method of this research are using data from 83 travel blogs written from January 2013 to February 2018by visitors of Boracay, the current study extracts underlying themes and subthemes relating to visitors’ overall impressions, cultural exchanges, economic development, and environmental changes. It was determined that tourists are interested in the white beaches, breathtaking landscapes, and varieties of activities offered, such as island-hopping and “mermaiding.” There is also evidence that Boracay continues to face issues concerning its sustainability, such as threats on its unfortunate transportation system, losing its cultural identity, uncontrolled urbanization, and unsustainable solid waste management practices. The findings here are useful for local government, small island tourism planners, and service providers in understanding visitor perceptions of quality and value, which in turn have influenced the island’s competitiveness and sustainability.
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Case-Based Article
31 December 2020

AN OVERVIEW OF PLASTIC WASTE RECYCLING IN THE URBAN AREAS OF JAVA ISLAND IN INDONESIA

Nurdiana Darus, Maya Tamimi, Silvi Tirawaty, Muchtazar Muchtazar, Dini Trisyanti, Rangga Akib, Dyota Condorini, Khair Ranggi
Plastic products have been an integral part of human lives. However, concerns over plastic pollution have been growing. Thus, alternative practices that allow more sustainable production and consumption pattern are urgently needed. Improving plastic recycling management is one of the solutions to prevent an increase in plastic pollution. This paper aims to uncover the potential of plastic recycling, to define factors that can leverage the expansion of the recycling process, and to evaluate possible measures that can realize such expansion, especially given the limited literature on these topics. Therefore, a four-month study, which involved two months of rigorous primary survey and interview and secondary data collection process to obtain valuable and accountable raw data, was conducted between October 2019–January 2020. The conducted study showed that the urban population in Java Island generated around 189,349 t of plastic waste per month, but only 11.83% of it was collected. The remaining 88.17% was either directly transported to landfills or littered in the environment. Five major plastic types were collected in the recycling stream, namely, rigid PP (25%), film HDPE (20%), rigid PET (20%), rigid HDPE (14%), and film PP (9%) with more than 80% of collected plastic waste originating from waste pickers. The paper highlights the major challenges in improving post-consumer recycling: (i) failure of post-consumer plastic recyclable to meet the quality industrial standard; (ii) limited recycling processes and infrastructure; (iii) low market demand for recycled products.
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Original Research Article
30 July 2021

PARASITE INFECTIONS IN POULTRY ENVIRONMENTS (CASE REPORT ON GALLUS DOMESTICUS ENDOPARASITE)

Phebe Tanuwijaya, David Febraldo
Infection of nematode and cestode worms in chickens can cause decreased egg production, weight loss, growth problems, weakness. The objective of this case study is to look at how an epidemiological approach, clinical symptoms, anatomical pathology investigation, and laboratory testing might help with disease diagnosis. The chicken was found from Banjar Tanggahan Tengah, Bangli, Bali with the type of native chicken (Gallus domesticus), at least 3 months old with the protocol number 369 / N / 20. Samples taken were brain, trachea, lungs, liver, heart, spleen, kidneys, proventriculus, intestines, and feces. Laboratory examinations carried out include histopathology, microbiology, and parasitology. The results of the pathological examination of the case showed that there was bleeding in the lobes of the lungs and liver, heart, brain, and trachea, there was edema, the small intestine and cecum had bleeding and mucosal enteritis, the spleen was depleted, the proventriculus was inflamed. Microbiology laboratory test results with the culture of organ samples identified by Escherichia coli bacteria. The results of fecal and microscopic parasite examinations found eggs and worms of the nematodes Ascaridia galli, Heterakis gallinarum, Capillaria caudinflata, Tetrameres americana, cestode Raillietina sp., And oocyst Eimeria sp. the protozoan digestive system. It is recommended that farmers improve cage sanitation and maintenance management for better poultry environments. Thus, the chickens would not easily infect by endoparasites.
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Review Article
31 December 2019

COAL MINING SECTOR CONTRIBUTION TO ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS AND HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX IN EAST KALIMANTAN PROVINCE

Kunny Izza Indah Afkarina, Sindhung Wardana, Poerborini Damayanti
Coal mining has been one of the issues that led to pros and cons in Indonesia. Research shows that mining activities are one of the factors that affect people’s incomes and local and national economic development. However, mining is a lucrative activity that leads to construction booms that attract population growth and lead to deforestation, thus affecting the environmental conditions of a region. The coal mining industry of Indonesian province of East Kalimantan, on the island of Borneo, provides most of the economic base needed to build the infrastructure and provide energy of the country. Kalimantan Province accounts for approximately 90 % of the entire country’s coal production. East Kalimantan, with its mining operations mainly in the district of Kutai and its expanded territory, is a major coal-producing region of the country. This article will examine how coal mining sector contributes to environmental conditions and Human Development Index (HDI) in the province of East Kalimantan. This research was conducted using a combination of scientific methods, including literature, spatial analysis using geographic information system (GIS) technology, and quantitative data analysis. From the analysis of the spatial issuance of coal mining permit in East Kalimantan, the coal mining sector has a direct impact on regional revenue and contributes indirectly to the HDI in the province of East Kalimantan. However, it turns out that the planning and management of natural resources field exploitation business licenses are not performed systematically. As a result, many problems arise, such as disputes over control and ownership of land (agrarian conflicts), damage to the landscape, deforestation, environmental pollution, and public health problems. Thus, anticipatory measures are needed by the government so that the economy of East Kalimantan Province remained stable and sustainable.
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Case-Based Article
31 December 2019

ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS OF TOFU PRODUCTION IN THE CONTEXT OF CLEANER PRODUCTION: CASE STUDY OF TOFU HOUSEHOLD INDUSTRIES IN SALATIGA, INDONESIA

Gefa Nugroho, Ravika Sulistyaningrum, Reindra Melania, Widhi Handayani
Tofu is a soy-based food that is frequently consumed by Indonesian as a protein source. It is usually produced by household industries using traditional technology, which currently experiencing environmental problems with respect to the inefficiency of resource usage and inadequate waste disposal. Therefore, cleaner production strategy is potential to be implemented by previously mapping the current problems faced by the industries. This study aims to present an environmental analysis on tofu production in Salatiga in the context of cleaner production. In addition to provides information about the current production process and explains waste management performed by the industries, this study describes how the people in Kalitaman-Salatiga consider environmental issue around the tofu production. This study was conducted by a qualitative approach using interview, observation, and documentation. Laboratory analysis was conducted to provide supporting data. The results showed that only a small proportion of the tofu production process in Kalitaman meets the indicators for cleaner production in term of using raw materials efficiently and reusing solid wastes. Wastes in the form of smoke and wastewater are still disposed without prior treatment. The BOD5, COD, and TSS contents of tofu wastewater exceed the quality standard set by the Indonesian government. Although the respondents understand the negative impact of pollution to ecosystem, they are not yet concerned because it does not show a direct detrimental impact on their community. Therefore, raising environmental awareness is required in order to protect the ecosystem and to prevent environmental deterioration.
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Review Article
31 December 2019

INDONESIA NATURAL MINERAL FOR HEAVY METAL ADSORPTION: A REVIEW

Grandprix T. M. Kadja, Moh Ilmi
Indonesia has abundant mineral resources used as natural adsorbent materials for the absorption of heavy metal. Among these are natural zeolites, clay, and ashes. These natural materials showed high performance adsorption capacity with respects to their low cost and high availability. Several research reports had been published for studying the performance of the natural materials as adsorbent of several heavy metals i.e., Hg, Pb, Fe, Cd, Cr, Zn, Ni, and Cu by examining the effect of various factors, including pH, contact time, initial concentration, temperature, and dosage. Furthermore, to determine the adsorption rate, mechanism, and efficiency of natural materials in the removal of toxic metals from aqueous solution, investigations have been made of the parameters of the adsorption isotherms, kinetics, and thermodynamics. The main objective of this article is to provide an overview of the use of some natural materials found in Indonesia, including clay, natural zeolite, fly ash, and bottom ash for use as adsorbents for several types of heavy metals in aqueous solution. These types of natural adsorbents were chosen as their high availability in natural or disposal product and their high performance regarding their heavy metal uptakes. This article review is important in order to capture the current research reported the use Indonesia natural minerals as adsorbent of heavy metals and providing its future research opportunities. Thus, we also emphasize the prospect materials and the future research opportunities for the use of Indonesia's local natural minerals with the utilization of non-conventional modification techniques that can provide added value and improve the performance of these natural materials in removing heavy-metal waste from aqueous solutions.
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