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Abstract

Indonesia has implemented the Individual Learning Account system under the name Kartu Prakerja, or Pre-Employment Card, to support workforce development. This study examines its effectiveness by comparing it with South Korea’s Naeil Baeum Card (Tomorrow Learning Card). Despite its role in improving skills, Indonesia’s Individual Learning Account system faces challenges in funding sustainability, eligibility control, participant engagement, and training relevance. Additionally, financial support is provided at a fixed amount, regardless of training type. Using comparative policy and fishbone analysis, this study identifies key differences and best practices from South Korea. The findings highlight that South Korea’s co-funding model, employer contributions, and flexible training mechanisms create a more sustainable system. In contrast, Indonesia’s government-funded model faces financial constraints. This study recommends funding diversification, enhanced eligibility verification, an income-based co-payment system, training-specific financial support, and improved fund validity to enhance Indonesia’s Individual Learning Account system.

Bahasa Abstract

Indonesia telah menerapkan sistem Individual Learning Account dengan nama Kartu Prakerja atau Pre-Employment Card untuk mendukung pengembangan tenaga kerja. Studi ini mengkaji efektivitasnya dengan membandingkannya dengan Naeil Baeum Card (Tomorrow Learning Card) milik Korea Selatan. Meskipun berperan dalam meningkatkan keterampilan, sistem Individual Learning Account di Indonesia menghadapi tantangan dalam hal keberlanjutan pendanaan, kontrol kelayakan, keterlibatan peserta, dan relevansi pelatihan. Selain itu, dukungan finansial diberikan dalam jumlah tetap, tanpa mempertimbangkan jenis pelatihan. Dengan menggunakan analisis kebijakan komparatif dan analisis fishbone, studi ini mengidentifikasi perbedaan utama dan praktik terbaik dari Korea Selatan. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa model pembiayaan bersama, kontribusi dari pemberi kerja, dan mekanisme pelatihan yang fleksibel di Korea Selatan menciptakan sistem yang lebih berkelanjutan. Sebaliknya, model yang sepenuhnya didanai pemerintah di Indonesia menghadapi kendala keuangan. Studi ini merekomendasikan diversifikasi sumber pendanaan, peningkatan verifikasi kelayakan, sistem pembayaran bersama berbasis pendapatan, dukungan finansial yang disesuaikan dengan jenis pelatihan, serta perbaikan masa berlaku dana untuk meningkatkan sistem Individual Learning Account di Indonesia.

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