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Abstract

The purpose of this article is to conceptualize or redefine the concept of "lone wolf” in the context of global jihad. This article uses a meta-analysis approach by proposing two literature review methods, namely an effort to track a number of literatures that are the basis for defining lone wolf acts of terrorism and tracking a number of literatures that discuss the phenomenon of global jihad. This article finds that there are no acts of global jihad terrorism that operate independently, technological developments have pushed the global jihad agenda by Islamic activism on a local scale through social media as an instrument of mobilization and communication without having to interact directly. Therefore, this article concludes that the concept of global jihad glocalization is more appropriately used to refer to acts of terrorism carried out independently by Islamic-based terrorism groups rather than using the term "lone wolf". For this reason, the glocalization of global jihad in the process of ideological doctrine or the process of becoming radicalized is no longer conventional but runs in virtual spaces of social media.

Bahasa Abstract

Artikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkonseptualisasikan atau mendefinisikan kembali konsep “lone wolf” dalam konteks jihad global. Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan meta-analisis dengan mengajukan dua metode literature review, yaitu upaya pelacakan terhadap sejumlah literatur yang menjadi dasar pendefinisian aksi terorisme lone wolf dan pelacakan terhadap sejumlah literatur yang membahas fenomena jihad global. Artikel ini menemukan bahwa tidak ada aksi terorisme jihad global yang beroperasi secara mandiri, perkembangan teknologi telah mendorong agenda jihad global oleh para aktivisme Islam pada skala lokal melalui media sosial sebagai instrumen mobilisasi dan komunikasi tanpa harus berinteraksi secara langsung. Oleh karena itu, artikel ini berkesimpulan bahwa konsep glokalisasi jihad global lebih tepat digunakan untuk merujuk pada aksi terorisme yang dilakukan secara mandiri oleh kelompok terorisme berbasis Islam daripada menggunakan istilah “lone wolf”. Untuk itu, glokalisasi jihad global dalam proses doktrin ideologi atau proses menjadi radikalis tidak lagi secara konvensional tetapi berjalan di ruang-ruang virtual media sosial

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