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Jurnal Komunikasi Indonesia

Rahma Simamora

Abstract

Penelitian ini menganalisis petisi online Change.org Indonesia sebagai alat advokasi kebijakan periode tahun 2015-2016 dengan menggunakan konsep sifat, bentuk, fungsi, aktivitas atau taktik penyampaian pesan, dan juga konsep evaluatif. Analisis petisi online mengacu pada aktivitas atau kegiatan advokasi kebijakan lain yang dilakukan secara online maupun offline. Aktivitas advokasi kebijakan juga mencakup upaya dalam meningkatkan kesadaran. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode studi kasus dengan menganalisis petisi online yang dipilih berdasarkan sembilan kategori. Data pendukung diperoleh melalui wawancara. Dalam penelitian ini diketahui petisi online yang didukung dengan beragam aktivitas advokasi kebijakan, misalnya advokasi media, kampanye secara online dan aksi offline, pengorganisasian, event dan lobi akan dikategorikan sebagai intermediate dimana petisi berhasil menarik perhatian target petisi atau pembuat kebijakan. Petisi online dan aktivitas advokasi kebijakan tersebut akan menghasilkan liputan, membangun dukungan publik, menambah kesadaran publik, berpotensi menghasilkan dukungan dari pembuat kebijakan. Selain itu petisi online akan mencapai kategori ultimate jika petisi berhasil dalam mempengaruhi perubahan kebijakan juga disertai penerimaan positif dari pembuat kebijakan. Pencapaian tujuan ultimate ini dipengaruhi oleh kemampuan para penggerak petisi melakukan beragam aktivitas advokasi kebijakan lain guna menekan dan mendesak pembuat kebijakan dalam mengeskalasi petisi online. Ketika petisi online dan aktivitas advokasi kebijakan lain menghasilkan perubahan kebijakan, maka keaktifan penggerak petisi masih diperlukan untuk mengawasi implementasi kebijakan yang dihasilkan.

This study analyzes the online petition Change.org Indonesia as a tool of policy advocacy in 2015-2016 period using the concept of nature, form, function, activity or tactic of message delivery as well as the evaluative concept. The online petition analysis in this study refers to other policy advocacy activities conducted online and offline to support online petitions. Policy advocacy activities include efforts to raise awareness through media (media advocacy), campaign, organization (building coalitions), lobbying and events. This research uses a case study method by analyzing selected online petitions based on nine categories of issues: democracy, corruption, criminal justice, animal welfare, environment, human rights/disability, tolerance, consumer rights, sports, health. The study finds that online petitions that are supported by various policy advocacy activities like media advocacy, online campaign and offline actions, organization, events and lobby will be classified as intermediate, in which the petitions succeed in winning attention from the petition targets or policymakers. The online petitions and policy advocacy activities will recive media coverage, build public support, enhance people’s awareness and potentially gain support from policymakers. The online petitions will reach the ultimate target if they bring changes to policies or receive positive responses from policymakers. Such achievements depend on the capacity of petition campaigners to arrange various activities of policy advocacy in order to put pressure on policymakers to escalate the online petitions.

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Surat Kabar dan Internet

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Cabut SK DO Rektor UNJ, Selamatkan Ronny Setiawan! - https://www.change.org/p/rektor-unj-cabut-sk-do-rektor-unj-kepada-ronny-setiawan-saveronny

Copot Kamera CCTV di Toilet Siswa Sekolah Kami - https://www.change.org/p/aniesbaswedan-cctv-di-toilet-siswa-melanggar-privasi-smanseratus-erlinda-kpai

Gloria Natapraja Hamel Sebagai Paskibraka 2016 - https://www.change.org/p/president-republik-indonesia-gloria-natapraja-hamel-sebagai-paskibraka-2016-gloria4indonesia

Hentikan sirkus keliling Lumba-Lumba! - https://www.change.org/p/jokowi-hentikan-sirkus-keliling-lumba-lumba-stopsirkuslumba-bravonur

Internet Untuk Rakyat: Save @Telkomsel @kemkominfo - https://www.change.org/p/paraf-petisi-internet-untuk-rakyat-save-telkomsel-kemenbumn-kemkominfo

KITA tolak pemblokiran Tumblr - https://www.change.org/p/menkominfo-rudiantara-id-kita-tolak-pemblokiran-tumblr?source_location=minibar

Lepaskan Penyu dan Hiunya, Sekarang! - https://www.change.org/p/dinas-pariwisata-banyuwangi-lepaskan-penyu-dan-hiunya-sekarang-bravonur

Masyarakat Korban Asap Menggugat Putusan Hakim PN Palembang - https://www.change.org/p/gugat-putusan-hakim-pn-palembang, https://www.change.org/search?q=Darurat%20Asap

Media Sosial, Gerakan Sosial, Perubahan Sosial : Belajar ... (n.d.). Retrieved from https://www.facebook.com/notes/fctc-untuk-indonesia/media-sosial-gerakan-sosial-

Membatalkan kebijakan baru pencairan dana JHT minimal 10 tahun - https://www.change.org/p/bpjstkinfo-hanifdhakiri-humasnaker-jokowi-batalkan-kebijakan-baru-pencairan-dana-jht-minimal-10-tahun

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Pecat Ketua DPR Setya Novanto yang mencatut nama Presiden Joko Widodo dan Wapres JK - https://www.change.org/p/pecat-ketua-dpr-setya-novanto-yang-mencatut-nama-presiden-joko-widodo-dan-wapres-jk

Pilkada langsung, berlanjut! Selamat rakyat Indonesia - https://www.change.org/p/pilkada-langsung-berlanjut-selamat-rakyat-indonesia-dukungpilkadalangsung

Rakyat butuh obat Hepatitis C (Sofosbuvir) ditanggung oleh JKN - https://www.change.org/p/ibu-menkes-nilamoeloek-rakyat-butuh-obat-hepatitis-c-sofosbuvir-ditanggung-oleh-jkn

Sahkan UU Penghapusan kekerasan Seksual. #MulaiBicara - https://www.change.org/p/dpr-ri-sahkan-uu-penghapusan-kekerasan-seksual-mulaibicara

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