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Abstract

Such dilemma between guilt and shameful has been an interesting topic in the field of social psychology since few times ago. That dilemma persists when discussing social control, self-control, individual moral values, moral standard, cross-cultural influence as well as education-related setting. It is predicted, the one which is more influential, whether guilt aspect or shameful aspect, will one way or another influence the way somebody’s behavior can be modified. This study investigates such tendency which prevails in public schools especially performed by pupils when treating their student’s misconduct. Research question forwarded is whether they exploit punishment or to create shaming feeling towards students who have made nuisances in school. The result shows method of punishment has been the only way of modifying behavior which is regarded deviant. Other finding, it is believed that, having given such punishment, shameful feeling will follow. This finding is in association with the character of Indonesian society toward the way guilt and shamefull operate.

Bahasa Abstract

Dilema antara guilt (rasa bersalah) dan shameful (rasa malu) sudah lama menjadi topik menarik di bidang psikologi sosial. Dilema tersebut antara lain muncul dalam pembahasan mengenai kontrol sosial, perilaku sendiri, nilai moral individual, tingkat standar moral, pengaruh lintas budaya serta dalam situasi pendidikan. Diperkirakan pula, salah satu yang lebih berperanan, entah itu aspek guilt atau aspek shameful, akan mempengaruhi pada cara bagaimana memodifikasi perilaku seseorang. Studi ini menelaah mengenai kecenderungan di sekolah-sekolah menengah umum dalam memodifikasi perilaku siswa yang telah menampilkan perilaku atau tindakan yang dianggap sebagai salah, jahat, tidak tertib atau menyimpang dari norma sosial yang ada. Apakah kalangan guru di sekolah-sekolah tersebut menampilkan kecenderungan mengeksploitasi penghukuman (punishment) atau melakukan tindakan penciptaan rasa malu (shaming) siswa dikaitkan dengan apa yang sudah dilakukan siswa tersebut? Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa metode penghukuman ternyata merupakan satu-satunya cara memodifikasi perilaku yang diterapkan. Dan, temuan lain, diyakini bahwa dengan diberikan hukuman itulah lalu kemudian muncul rasa malu. Temuan ini nampaknya bersesuaian dengan karakter masyarakat Indonesia perihal beroperasinya guilt dan shameful.

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