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Abstract

This study aims to describe the formation process of the closeness in interethnic friendship among adolescents living in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia. A qualitative study using grounded theory method is employed. Study participants comprised five adolescent girls, aged 16–17 years, with the following interethnic friendships: Javanese–Arabic–Tionghoa, Javanese–Arabic, and Javanese–Tionghoa. Data on the formation process of closeness in interethnic friendship were collected using semi-structured interview referring to the Closeness Interethnic Friendship Guideline for Adolescents. Data were analyzed using initial coding, focused coding, axial coding, and theoretical coding. Results reveal seven composites of closeness in interethnic friendship: disclosure, comfort, compatibility, reappraisal of the characters and other ethnic groups, support, similarity, and togetherness. Closeness led to the continuity of friendship, along with positive emotions, such as excited, comfortable, fun, happy, joyful, content, safe, and proud. This process occurred when the situation supported togetherness as well as, personal quality, experience, and appraisal toward the different ethnic groups, and the shared values understood by all the ethnic groups.

Bahasa Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan menggambarkan proses pembentukan kedekatan dalam persahabatan antaretnis pada remaja yang tinggal di Surakarta, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kualitatif dengan pendekatan grounded theory. Partisipan terdiri dari lima gadis remaja, berusia 16–17 tahun, dengan persahabatan antaretnis berikut: persahabatan Jawa–Arab–Tionghoa, Jawa–Arab, dan Jawa–Tionghoa. Data tentang proses pembentukan kedekatan dalam persahabatan antaretnis dikumpulkan menggunakan wawancara semi-terstruktur mengacu pada Pedoman Kedekatan Persahabatan Interetnis untuk Remaja. Data dianalisis menggunakan pengkodean awal, pengkodean terfokus, pengkodean aksial, dan pengkodean teoritis. Hasilnya mengungkapkan tujuh pembentuk kedekatan dalam persahabatan antaretnis yaitu keterbukaan, kenyamanan, kecocokan, penilaian ulang karakter dan kelompok etnis lain, dukungan, kesamaan, dan kebersamaan. Kedekatan menyebabkan keberlanjutan persahabatan, kebersamaan dengan emosi positif seperti semangat, nyaman, menyenangkan, bahagia, gembira, puas, aman, dan bangga. Proses ini terjadi ketika adanya situasi yang mendukung kebersamaan, kualitas personal, pengalaman dan penilaian terhadap kelompok etnis yang berbeda, dan nilai-nilai bersama yang dipahami oleh semua kelompok etnis.

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