Multiculturalism as a Mediator of Ethnic Identity and National Identity among Javanese Adolescents

Authors

Acintya Ratna Priwati, Center for Indigenous and Cultural Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, IndonesiaFollow
Adelia Krishna Putri, Center for Indigenous and Cultural Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Valendra Granitha Shandika Puri, Center for Indigenous and Cultural Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Annisa Ardi Ayuningtya, Center for Indigenous and Cultural Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Wenty Marina Minza, Center for Indigenous and Cultural Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
Kwartarini Wahyu Yuniarti, Center for Indigenous and Cultural Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia

Abstract

The development of national identity in a highly multicultural nation begins by identifying oneself to a particular ethnic group and realizing that multiculturalism is the bridge between both identities. This research aims to discover the link between national identity, ethnic identity, and multiculturalism in Indonesia, specifically for Javanese. This study utilized three measurement scales: (1) National Identity Scale to measure national identity; (2) Ethnic Identity Scale to measure the sense of belongingness to the Javanese ethnicity; and (3) Universal Diverse Orientation (UDO), to measure multiculturalism. This study's participants consist of 441 college students in Yogyakarta (male = 115; female = 326), ranging from 17 to 21. The regression analysis result shows that the mediation model supports this research hypothesis, namely that multiculturalism mediates the relationship between ethnic identity and national identity. Therefore, the current finding generates a new conception regarding the related theme.

Bahasa Abstract

Pengembangan identitas nasional pada negara yang sangat multikultural dimulai dengan mengidentifikasi diri sendiri pada kelompok etnis tertentu dan menyadari bahwa multikulturalisme adalah jembatan antara kedua identitas tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui keterkaitan antara identitas nasional, identitas etnis, dan multikulturalisme di Indonesia, khususnya suku Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan tiga skala pengukuran: (1) Skala Identitas Nasional untuk mengukur identitas nasional; (2) Skala Identitas Etnis untuk mengukur rasa memiliki terhadap etnis Jawa; dan (3) Universal Diverse Orientation (UDO), untuk mengukur multikulturalisme. Partisipan penelitian ini terdiri dari 441 mahasiswa di Yogyakarta (laki-laki = 115; perempuan = 326), dengan rentang usia 17 sampai 21. Hasil analisis regresi menunjukkan bahwa model mediasi mendukung hipotesis penelitian ini, yaitu multikulturalisme memediasi hubungan antara identitas etnis dan identitas nasional. Oleh karena itu, temuan saat ini menghasilkan konsepsi baru mengenai tema terkait.

Recommended Citation

Priwati, A. R., Putri, A. K., Puri, V. G., Ayuningtya, A. A., Minza, W. M., & Yuniarti, K. W. (2021). Multiculturalism as a Mediator of Ethnic Identity and National Identity among Javanese Adolescents. Makara Human Behavior Studies in Asia, 25(1), 108-115. https://doi.org/10.7454/hubs.asia.1030521