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Abstract

Complete children immunization coverage in Indonesia declined from 59.2% in 2013 to 57.9% in 2016. Therefore, a study on understanding the vaccination barrier is necessary to improve future coverage. This scoping review aims to identify the determinants of vaccine hesitancy using the model of the World Health Organization-Strategic Advisory Group of Expert (WHO-SAGE) working group and to map them on the basis of region, target population, and vaccine. This research used publications from seven databases (Science Direct, Wiley, Scopus, SAGE, PubMed, Springer, and Taylor & Francis) from 2015 to 2020. A total of 10,212 publications were identified and filtered by employing the PRISMA method, thereby leaving 24 publications that were featured in this review. The majority of these publications is quantitative research conducted in Aceh and Yogyakarta and investigates children complete immunization, with adults and parents being the target population. The vaccine hesitancy determinants that are mentioned the most are social-economy, religion/culture/ gender, the role of health-care professionals, cost, knowledge, and awareness about vaccine, and attitude toward preventive health behavior. However, additional evidence on the influence of contextual-focus factors in various regions in Indonesia is crucial for a further understanding of the antecedent of the relationship between determinant factors and vaccination behavior.

Bahasa Abstract

Cakupan imunisasi lengkap anak di Indonesia menurun dari 59,2% di 2013 ke 57,9% di 2016. Oleh sebab itu, penelitian mengenai hambatan-hambatan vaksinasi penting untuk ditelaah sebagai rekomendasi untuk meningkatkan cakupan imunisasi di masa yang akan datang. Telaah cakupan ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor determinan keraguan vaksin menggunakan model dari kelompok kerja WHO-SAGE dan memetakannya berdasarkan daerah, target populasi, dan vaksin. Penelitian ini menggunakan publikasi dari tujuh database (Science direct, Wiley, Scopus, SAGE, PubMed, Springer, and Taylor & Francis) dari 2015 sampai 2020. Artikel yang ditemukan sebanyak 10212 dan dieliminasi hingga 24 artikel dengan menggunakan metode PRISMA. Karakteristik dari artikel yang terpilih adalah penelitian kuantitatif dengan setting penelitian di Aceh dan Yogyakarta, memuat informasi tentang imunisasi lengkap anak, dengan target populasi orang dewasa dan orang tua. Hasil telaah literatur menjelaskan tentang faktor determinan keraguan vaksin terkait dengan sosial ekonomi, agama/budaya/gender dari tenaga kesehatan, biaya, pengetahuan dan kesadaramna terhadap vaksin dan sikap terhadap vaksin, dan perilaku preventif. Rekomendasi dari telaah literatur ini adalah perlunya kajian mengenai pengaruh faktor konstekstual pada berbagai daerah di Indonesia untuk memahami antaseden dari hubungan antara faktor determinan dan perilaku vaksinasi.

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