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Abstract

Indonesia ranks second globally in the number of tuberculosis (TB) cases, accounting for 10% of all global cases. In the working area of Kenarilang Public Health Center, 951 confirmed TB cases were recorded as of October 2024. Close contacts of TB patients are at high risk of infection and may become new sources of transmission if not properly managed. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) among close contacts play a crucial role in TB prevention, aligning with the target of TB elimination by 2030. This study aims to determine the relationship between the characteristics of close contacts and their KAP levels in TB prevention. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design involving 26 respondents in the working area of Kenarilang Public Health Center in November 2024. Data were collected using a structured KAP questionnaire and analyzed descriptively and bivariately. Chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, and logistic regression test were used according to data type and distribution. A total of 65.38% of respondents demonstrated good knowledge. Attitudes were evenly split between positive and negative (50%), with the highest agreement on the importance of preventive therapy (89.74%). Meanwhile, 57.69% showed good preventive practices. Bivariate analysis revealed significant associations between age and practices (OR=1,244; p=0,017), income and attitude (p=0.048), residence and practices (p=0.014), and marital status and practices (p=0.020). Demographic factors play a role in shaping responses to KAP aspects of TB prevention, although several gaps remain. Data-driven interventions targeting specific demographic groups may be effective strategies for TB control.

Keywords : Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, Close Contact, Tuberculosis Prevention

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Bahasa Abstract

Indonesia menempati peringkat kedua dalam jumlah kasus tuberkulosis (TB) secara global, menyumbang 10% dari total kasus dunia. Di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kenarilang, tercatat 951 kasus TB per Oktober 2024. Kontak erat pasien TB memiliki risiko tinggi terinfeksi dan menjadi sumber penularan baru jika tidak ditangani dengan baik. Pengetahuan, sikap, dan perilaku (PSP) kontak erat berperan penting dalam pencegahan TB, sejalan dengan target eliminasi TB pada 2030. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara karakteristik kontak erat pasien TB dengan tingkat PSP mereka dalam upaya pencegahan TB. Penelitian ini merupakan studi kuantitatif dengan desain potong lintang pada 26 responden di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Kenarilang, November 2024. Data dikumpulkan menggunakan kuesioner PSP kemudian dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square, Fisher’s exact, dan regresi logistik sesuai dengan jenis dan distribusi data. Sebanyak 65,38% responden memiliki pengetahuan baik. Sikap terbagi merata antara positif dan negatif (50%), dengan tingkat kesepakatan tertinggi pada pentingnya terapi pencegahan TB (89,74%). Perilaku pencegahan baik ditunjukkan oleh 57,69% responden. Terdapat hubungan signifikan antara usia dengan perilaku (OR=1,244; p=0,017), pendapatan dengan sikap (p=0,048), tempat tinggal dengan perilaku (p=0,014), dan status pernikahan dengan perilaku (p=0,020). Faktor demografi berperan dalam membentuk respons terhadap aspek PSP pencegahan TB, meskipun masih ditemukan sejumlah kekurangan. Intervensi berbasis data yang menargetkan kelompok demografi tertentu dapat menjadi strategi efektif dalam pengendalian TB.

Kata Kunci : Pengetahuan, Sikap, Perilaku, Kontak Erat, Pencegahan Tuberkulosis

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