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Abstract

Parotitis is a disease caused by mumps virus infection. The infection attacks the parotid glands, causing symptoms such as fever, swelling on the side of the face accompanied by pain. Data from the Samarinda City Health Office shows that there were 380 cases of mumps from September to early October 2024. The increase in cases also occurred among elementary school children, but there is no definitive data yet that illustrates the number and distribution of parotitis cases. The aim of this study is to identify the risk factors for mumps in elementary school children in the Loa Bakung working area. This study is a descriptive study. The sample was 5154 students. Data collection was done by distributing questionnaires online in the form of Google Forms and interviews to teachers during field visits. The number of schools that filled out the Google form was 11 schools (91.7%), and the number of classes that filled out the Google form was 55 classes (31.9%). Analysis was conducted on the incidence data of cases, patient characteristics, and school intervention efforts. The study showed the incidence of mumps cases among 238 students, with the highest number at SD Muhammadiyah 5 (37.82%) and the highest attack rate at MI Tijanul Jawahir (13.89%). The majority of the patients were 9 years old (27.94%) and male (53.36%). The main symptoms experienced are swelling in the cheeks (85.5%) and fever (67.3%). The preventive measures taken by the school include the use of masks, provision of handwashing facilities, and granting dispensations. The incidence of mumps cases shows a significant increase in the elementary school environment. Further investigation is needed regarding the factors influencing the high attack rate and prevention strategies.

Keywords : Parotitis, attack rate, elementary school, prevention, Samarinda

References

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Bahasa Abstract

Parotitis adalah penyakit yang disebabkan oleh inveksi virus mumps. Infeksi tersebut menyerang kelenjar parotis, menyebabkan gejala demam, pembengkakan pada sisi wajah disertai rasa nyeri. Data dari Dinas Kesehatan Kota Samarinda terdapat 380 kasus gondongan terjadi sepanjang September hingga awal Oktober 2024. Peningkatan kasus juga juga terjadi pada anak Sekolah Dasar, namun belum ada data pasti yang menggambarkan jumlah dan sebaran penyakit parotitis. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi faktor risiko parotitis pada anak sekolah SD di wilayah kerja Loa Bakung. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel penelitian ini sebanyak 5154 murid. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner secara online dalam bentuk Google Form dan wawancara ke guru dalam kunjungan lapangan. Jumlah sekolah yang mengisis lembar kuesioner pada Google Form sebesar 11 sekolah (91,7%), dan jumlah kelas yang mengisi lembar kuesioner Google form sebesar 55 kelas (31,9%). Analisis dilakukan terhadap data insidensi kasus, karakteristik penderita, dan upaya intervensi sekolah. Penelitian menunjukkan kejadian kasus parotitis sebanyak 238 murid, dengan jumlah terbanyak di SD Muhammadiyah 5 (37,82%) dan attack rate tertinggi di MI Tijanul Jawahir (13,89%). Mayoritas penderita berusia 9 tahun (27,94%) dan berjenis kelamin laki-laki (53,36%). Gejala utama yang dialami adalah pembengkakan di pipi (85,5%) dan demam (67,3%). Upaya pencegahan yang dilakukan sekolah meliputi penggunaan masker, penyediaan fasilitas cuci tangan, dan pemberian dispensasi. Kasus parotitis menunjukkan peningkatan yang signifikan di lingkungan Sekolah Dasar. Diperlukan investigasi lebih lanjut mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi tingginya attack rate serta strategi pencegahan.

Kata Kunci : Parotitis, attack rate, sekolah dasar, pencegahan, Samarinda

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