"Determinan Faktor dengan Ketidakpatuhan dalam Mengonsumsi Obat Antire" by DESSI MARANTIKA NILAM SARI, Mondastri Korib Sudaryo et al.
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Abstract

Ketidakpatuhan alasan utama Pasien HIV tidak menerima pengobatan ARV sehingga harus selalu dipantau dan dinilai secara teratur serta didorong pada setiap kunjungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengamati determinan faktor terjadinya ketidakpatuhan dalam mengonsumsi obat ARV pada ODHIV yang mendapatkan terapi ARV di Rumah Sakit Umum Daerah Kabupaten Tangerang. Jenis penelitian ini menggunakan penelitian observasional dengan rancangan cross sectional. Penelitian dilakukan di poli HIV RSUD Kabupaten pada bulan November 2023 menggunakan data laporan HIV pada SIHA. Populasi penelitian berjumlah 1.337 ODHIV aktif menjalani pengobatan antiretroviral di RSUD Kabupaten Tangerang dengan menggunakan total sampling sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan ekslusi sehingga sampel penelitian berjumlah 1.286 ODHIV. Metode analisis data menggunakan cox regression dengan aplikasi STATA. Hasil analisis univariat menunjukan bahwa 88% studi populasi masuk dalam populasi kunci. Didapatkan faktor dominan yang berpengaruh terhadap ketidakpatuhan minum obat ARV adalah: variabel umur (PR 1,20 dengan 95% CI 1,05-1,38), status perkawinan (PR 1,18 dengan 95% CI 1,03-1,36), domisili (PR 1,19 dengan 95% CI 1,04-1,36), viral load (PR 1,27 dengan 95% CI 1,10-1,43), lamanya pengobatan (PR 1,25 dengan 95% CI 1,07-1,47), kelompok populasi kunci (PR 1,27 dengan 95% CI 1,04-1,56) dan dukungan teman sebaya (PR 1,15 dengan 95% 1,00-1,32). Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan menjadi acuan bagi RSUD dan Dinas Kesehatan Kabupaten Tangerang dalam meningkatkan penanganan HIV/AIDS, melalui edukasi dan motivasi kepatuhan ARV yang didukung keluarga, PMO, dan teman sebaya. Selain itu, perlu pengembangan SIM RS yang fleksibel serta standarisasi pencatatan dan pelaporan untuk optimalisasi pemantauan pasien.

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Bahasa Abstract

Non-adherence is the main reason why HIV patients fail to receive antiretroviral (ARV) treatment, thus requiring continuous monitoring, assessment, and encouragement during every visit. This study aimed to examine the determinants of non-adherence to ARV medication among people living with HIV (PLHIV) receiving ARV therapy at the Regional General Hospital (RSUD) of Tangerang Regency. This was an observational study using a cross-sectional design. The research was conducted at the HIV clinic of RSUD Tangerang in November 2023 using secondary data from the HIV report in the SIHA system. The study population consisted of 1,337 PLHIV actively undergoing ARV treatment, with a final sample of 1,286 PLHIV selected using total sampling based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data analysis was performed using Cox regression in STATA. Univariate analysis showed that 88% of the study population belonged to key population groups. The dominant factors associated with ARV non-adherence were: age (PR 1.20; 95% CI: 1.05–1.38), marital status (PR 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03–1.36), domicile (PR 1.19; 95% CI: 1.04–1.36), viral load (PR 1.27; 95% CI: 1.10–1.43), duration of treatment (PR 1.25; 95% CI: 1.07–1.47), key population group (PR 1.27; 95% CI: 1.04–1.56), and peer support (PR 1.15; 95% CI: 1.00–1.32). The findings of this study are expected to serve as a reference for RSUD and the Tangerang District Health Office in strengthening HIV/AIDS management, particularly in providing education and motivation to improve ARV adherence, supported by families, treatment supporters (PMOs), and peer groups. Additionally, a more flexible hospital information system and standardized patient recording and reporting are needed to optimize monitoring efforts.

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