Abstract
In democracy, the government at the national and local level strives to create an active community, which manifests in a variety of community associations. Desa Rintis shows the active role of local government in supporting the establishment of community associations at the village level. We can understand this because the local government has the structural strength through its regulations to influence the society. Besides, the local government also provides cultural as well as economic capital that is included in the relational process between the state and social associations. This condition causes initiative of some members of the community to form associations and engage in social activities. Judging from the concept of social capital, social associations in the Desa Rintis have social capital that is not balanced between bonding, bridging, and linking. Social associations are strong on the linking side, however, they are weak on the bonding and bridging side. Therefore, the existence of social associations in the village Rintis just hangs up (to the state). Said to hang because of the active efforts from the leaders of the social associations to involve themselves with the state. This condition is the feedback from the top-down pattern that was developed earlier by the state.
Bahasa Abstract
Di tengah upaya demokratisasi, pemerintah di tingkat nasional dan lokal berupaya menciptakan masyarakat yang aktif dan termanifestasi dalam berbagai perkumpulan sosial. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini memperlihatkan peran aktif pemerintah lokal mampu memicu bermunculannya perkumpulan sosial di tingkat desa karena memiliki kekuatan struktural melalui regulasi yang dimilikinya untuk mempengaruhi masyarakat. Selain itu, pemerintah lokal juga menyediakan modal ekonomi sekaligus modal kultural yang disertakan dalam proses relasional antara negara dan perkumpulan sosial. Kondisi ini menyebabkan adanya inisiatif dari beberapa anggota masyarakat untuk membentuk serta terlibat dalam aktivitas perkumpulan sosial. Ditinjau dari konsep modal sosial, perkumpulan sosial di Desa Rintis memiliki modal sosial yang tidak seimbang antara bonding, bridging, dan linking. Perkumpulan sosial kuat pada sisi linking, namun lemah pada sisi bonding dan bridging. Oleh karena itu, perkumpulan sosial di Desa Rintis eksitensinya hanya menggantung ke atas (negara) karena adanya upaya aktif dari para pemimpin perkumpulan sosial yang ada untuk mengaitkan diri dengan negara. Studi ini memberikan gambaran peran besar pemimpin (agen) dalam dinamika modal sosial yang dalam studi Putnam (1994) dan Szreter (2002) kurang begitu dibahas.
Recommended Citation
Mahendro, Anggoro Yudo
(2013)
"Menggantung ke “Atas”: Perkumpulan Sosial Perdesaan di Era Desentralisasi,"
Masyarakat: Jurnal Sosiologi: Vol. 18:
No.
2, Article 3.
DOI: 10.7454/MJS.v18i2.1233
Available at:
https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/mjs/vol18/iss2/3
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