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Abstract

The agricultural sector plays a vital role in rural communities in Indonesia. Agricultural development stands as one of the most crucial development agendas pursued by both governmental and non-governmental entities. An essential aspect to examine within agricultural development is its implications for the livelihoods of farming communities. This study analyzes the implications of agricultural development programs on farmers' livelihoods through the lens of sustainable livelihoods. Employing a qualitative method with a case study approach, the research was conducted among dryland farmers practicing intercropping farming systems. The case study was carried out in Singosari Village, Talang Padang Sub-District, Tanggamus District. Primary data collection involved interviews, participatory observations, documentation, and secondary data through a literature review over a 9-month period. Findings indicate that the implications of agricultural development programs by both state and private actors are unevenly distributed among farmer groups. Cultivation patterns of commodity crops (coffee and cocoa) intervened by agricultural development programs tend to be unsustainable, while non-intervened cultivation remains sustainable. Based on the findings, the researcher recommends that agricultural development interventions consider specific farming practices and local agrarian structures in projecting program implications and benefit distribution.

Keywords: Agricultural Development, Sustainable Livelihoods, Dryland Agriculture.

Bahasa Abstract

Sektor pertanian berkontribusi penting bagi masyarakat pedesaan di Indonesia. Pembangunan pertanian adalah salah satu agenda pembangunan terpenting yang dilaksanakan negara maupun aktor non-negara, dan salah satu aspek penting yang perlu diperiksa dari pembangunan pertanian adalah implikasinya terhadap penghidupan komunitas petani. Penelitian ini menganalisis implikasi program pembangunan pertanian terhadap penghidupan petani melalui perspektif penghidupan berkelanjutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus yang dilaksanakan pada konteks petani lahan kering yang menerapkan pola usaha tani tumpang sari. Studi kasus dilakukan di Desa Singosari, Kecamatan Talang Padang, Kabupaten Tanggamus. Pengumpulan data primer dilakukan melalui wawancara, pengamatan partisipatif, dan dokumentasi, serta data sekunder melalui studi literatur dalam kurun waktu 9 bulan. Penelitian menemukan bahwa implikasi program pembangunan pertanian dari aktor negara dan swasta terhadap penghidupan komunitas petani terdistribusi secara tidak merata diantara golongan-golongan petani. Pola budidaya tanaman komoditas (kopi dan kakao) yang diintervensi oleh program pembangunan pertanian cenderung tidak berkelanjutan, namun budidaya yang tidak diintervensi program berkelanjutan. Berdasarkan temuan, peneliti merekomendasikan bahwa intervensi pembangunan pertanian perlu mempertimbangkan kondisi spesifik pola usaha tani dan struktur agraria setempat dalam memproyeksi implikasi program dan distribusi manfaatnya.

Kata Kunci: Pembangunan Pertanian, Penghidupan Berkelanjutan, Pertanian Lahan Kering.

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