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Abstract

Nowadays, technological innovations and sciences have reached the stage of modification and improvement of the capacity of the human body. This technology varies from prosthetic devices, implants, plastic surgery, drugs, genetic engineering, nanotechnology, and others. Several previous studies have shown that the advancement of this technological intervention has created a consumer culture of human enhancement products and services, for instance, non-therapeutic drugs. However, previous discussions about human enhancement products and services failed to provide further explanation on morphological freedom from the perspective of consumer culture. Morphological freedom is an individual right to modify or otherwise, refuse to modify one’s physical form that manifested in the use of human enhancement technology (HET). Provided the circumstances, this study aimed to discuss morphological freedom in the consumption of non-therapeutic drugs from one perspective of consumer culture framework, which is ‘imagination, joy, and satisfaction from consumption’. This study which used case study method on 9 people ranging from 16 to 30 years of age has generated three arguments. First, morphological freedom emerges after a condition called morphological consciousness. Second, in the context of Indonesian consumer society, morphological freedom is justified by individual religious norms and values. Third, morphological freedom produces a consumer culture of non-therapeutic drugs that manifested in a form of lifestyle.

Bahasa Abstract

Saat ini, inovasi teknologi dan sains telah mencapai tahap modifikasi dan peningkatan kapasitas tubuh manusia, mulai dari alat-alat prostetik, implan, operasi plastik, obat-obatan, nanoteknologi, hingga rekayasa genetika. Beberapa studi sebelumnya menunjukkan bahwa intervensi teknologi ini telah menciptakan budaya konsumer produk dan jasa modifikasi tubuh, salah satunya terhadap obat non-terapeutik. Namun dalam studi-studi mengenai produk dan jasa modifikasi tubuh, pembahasan mengenai kebebasan morfologistidak dijelaskan lebih jauh dengan menggunakan perspektif budaya konsumen. Kebebasan morfologis adalah hak suatu individu untuk memodifikasi atau menolak modifikasi atas tubuh yang salah satunya diwujudkan melalui konsumsi human enhancement technology (HET). Oleh karena itu, studi ini mengkaji kebebasan morfologis dalam budaya konsumen obat non-terapeutik dengan menggunakan salah satu perspektif budaya konsumen, yaitu ‘imajinasi, kesenangan, dan kepuasan konsumsi’. Dengan berpijak pada hasil studi kasus terhadap 9 (sembilan) orang pemuda berusia 16-30 tahun, tulisan ini melahirkan beberapa argumen. Pertama, kebebasan morfologis bermula dari suatu kondisi yang disebut sebagai kesadaran morfologis. Kedua, pada konteks masyarakat konsumen Indonesia, kebebasan morfologis dijustifikasi oleh norma dan nilai agama yang dianut oleh individu. Ketiga, kebebasan morfologis mendorong pembentukan budaya konsumenobat nonterapeutik yang termanifestasidalam suatu gaya hidup.

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