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Abstract

The growing revival of religious sentiments in the past few decades exposes serious faults in the explanatory power of the so-called modernization theories, urging social scien- tists to seek new avenues in understanding the phenomena. The article focuses on the way the present character of religious fundamentalism needs to be understood not as a form of traditionalism but as one of the springboard effects inseparable from hybrid modernity. In particular, it highlights the tension between religious fundamentalism and democracy as revolving around at least two points. One is the antinomy between diver- sity as the sine-qua-non of democracy and the absolutist tendency of fundamentalist beliefs, and the other a collision between the secular and sacral conceptions of sovereignty. By learning from the debates on the place of religion in the public sphere, the article outlines some points for the prospect of co-existence between religion and democracy.

Bahasa Abstract

Kebangkitan agama yang menandai kondisi sejarah beberapa dasawarsa ini menying- kap cacat serius pada perspektif modernisasi tentang tempat agama dalam kehidupan publik, dan memaksa para ilmuwan sosial menemukan rute pemahaman baru. Artikel ini berfokus pada bagaimana fundamentalisme agama dalam coraknya dewasa ini perlu dipahami bukan sebagai bentuk tradisionalisme tetapi sebagai salah satu gerak-balik yang integral dalam kondisi modernitas. Terutama dibahas masalah relasi yang semakin men- egangkan antara daya fundamentalis agama dan prasyarat demokratis penataan masyara- kat. Ditunjukkan sekurangnya dua faktor sentral yang menjadi lokus tegangan. Pertama, kemajemukan sebagai prasyarat niscaya demokrasi bersitegang dengan keyakinan absolutis fundamentalis. Kedua, keyakinan fundamentalis bersitegang dengan demokrasi sebagai bentuk sekularisasi kedaulatan otoritas politik. Dengan belajar dari perdebatan tentang tempat agama di ruang publik, beberapa pokok bagi prospek ko-eksistensi antara daya- agama dan daya-demokrasi dibahas.

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