Abstract
Kabupaten Grobogan merupakan kabupaten dengan peningkatan kasus HIV/AIDS cukup tajam dibandingkan kabupaten lain di Jawa Tengah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi stigma masyarakat terhadap orang dengan HIV/AIDS (ODHA) dan faktor yang memengaruhinya. Penelitian explanatory ini dilakukan melalui pendekatan studi potong lintang dengan sampel berjumlah 300 kepala keluarga yang dipilih menggunakan sampel acak proporsional pada tiga kelurahan dengan kasus HIV tertinggi selama Agustus - September 2014. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui wawancara tatap muka menggunakan kuesioner terstruktur. Sedangkan analisis data dilakukan secara univariat, bivariat menggunakan kai kuadrat, dan multivariat menggunakan regresi logistik. Sebagian besar responden adalah laki-laki dengan tingkat pendidikan terbanyak sekolah menengah atas ke bawah. Separuh responden masih memberikan stigma terhadap ODHA. Responden dengan keluarga yang memberikan stigma memiliki kemungkinan memberikan stigma terhadap ODHA empat kali lebih besar dibandingkan responden yang keluarganya tidak memberikan stigma. Demikian juga responden yang berpersepsi negatif terhadap ODHA memiliki kemungkinan memberikan stigma dua kali lebih besar dibandingkan yang berpersepsi positif. Faktor sikap tetangga dan tokoh masyarakat terhadap ODHA juga berhubungan signifikan dengan stigma responden terhadap ODHA. Kesimpulannya adalah sikap keluarga dan persepsi responden terhadap ODHAmerupakan faktor yang berpengaruh pada munculnya stigma terhadap ODHA sehingga disarankan adanya pemberian informasi tentang HIV/AIDS yang lengkap kepada keluarga dan masyarakat untuk menurunkan atau menghilangkan stigma. Grobogan District is a district with a sharp increasing of HIV/AIDS case compared to other districts over Central Java. This study aimed to identify public stigma to people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) and influencing factors. This explanatory study was conducted using cross sectional design worth 300 family head samples selected by using proportional random sampling on three subdistricts with highest HIV case within August - September 2014. Data collecting was conducted through face-to-face interview using structured questionnaire. Meanwhile, data analysis was conducted in univariate, bivariate using chi square and multivariate using logistic regression. Most respondents were men whose education level was mostly high school to the bottom level. Half of respondents were still stigmatizing PLWHA. Respondents whose families stigmatized had possibility of stigmatizing four times bigger than respondents whose families did not. Similarly, respondents holding negative perceptions toward PLWHA had possibility of stigmatizing twice bigger than those holding positive perceptions. Attitude of neighbors and public figures toward PLWHA also significantly related to respondent’s stigma to PLWHA. To sum up, family attitude and respondent’s perception to PLWHA were influencing factors of emerging stigma toward PLWHA. Therefore, it suggested that providing families and public any complete information about HIV/AIDS may decrease or remove the stigma.
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Recommended Citation
Shaluhiyah Z , Musthofa SB , Widjanarko B ,
et al.
Stigma Masyarakat terhadap Orang dengan HIV/AIDS.
Kesmas.
2015;
9(4):
333-339
DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v9i4.740
Available at:
https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/kesmas/vol9/iss4/7
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