Abstract

Bayi lahir cukup bulan memiliki naluri menyusu 20 - 30 menit setelah dilahirkan. Namun, fakta menunjukkan produksi dan ejeksi air susu ibu (ASI) yang sedikit di hari-hari pertama menyebabkan banyak ibu yang mengalami ketidakefektifan proses menyusui. Tidak terproduksinya ASI diakibatkan karena kurangnya rangsangan hormon prolaktin. Teknik marmet merupakan perpaduan memerah dan memijat payudara pada ibu nifas yang dapat merangsang hormon pada proses menyusui. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan pengaruh teknik marmet dengan masase payudara pada ibu nifas tiga hari postpartum terhadap kelancaran ASI dan kenaikan berat badan bayi. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain pre-experimental bentuk perbandingan kelompok statistik yang dilakukan di Puskesmas Grabag Kabupaten Magelang. Sampel yang digunakan adalah 40 responden postpartum pada September - November 2014. Uji statistik menggunakan uji Mann Whitney U. Teknik marmet dan masase payudara dalam memengaruhi kelancaran ASI secara statistik terdapat perbedaan (nilai p = 0,047). Sedangkan perbedaan dalam memengaruhi berat badan bayi diperoleh nilai p = 0,038 sehingga secara statistik tidak terdapat perbedaan. Pemberian perlakuan teknik marmet menyebabkan pengeluaran ASI lebih lancar, tetapi tidak terdapat perbedaan teknik marmet dengan masase payudara dalam memengaruhi kenaikan berat badan bayi. Vigorous babies have suckling instinct for 20 - 30 minutes after born. However, the fact shows the low production and ejection of breastfeed in the first days cause many mothers have ineffective breastfeeding problem. The lack of prolactin hormone stimulus affects breastfeed cannot be produced. Marmet technique is a combination of breast dairy and massage in puerperium mothers that can stimulate hormone during breastfeeding. This study aimed to compare effects of both marmet technique and breast massage in three-days postpartum mothers on the smoothness of breastfeeding and baby weight gain. This study used pre-experimental design with statistical group comparison conducted in Grabag Primary Health Care, Magelang District. The samples used were 40 postpartum mother respondents on September - November 2014. The statistical test used Mann Whitney U-Test. Marmet technique and breast massage affecting the smoothness of breastfeeding were statistically different (p value = 0.047). Meanwhile, the difference in affecting baby weight gain reached p value = 0.038, so statistically no difference found. The treatment of marmet technique affects breastfeeding smoother, yet no difference found between marmet technique and breast massage in affecting the baby weight gain.

References

1. Utami R. Panduan praktis menyusui. Jakarta: Pustaka Bunda; 2009.

2. La Leche League International [home page on internet]. How to get your milk supply off to a good start [update 2013 March 26; cited 2014 June 20]. Available from: http://www.lalecheleague.org/nb/nbjulaug 05p142.html.

3. Dinas Kesehatan Propinsi Jawa Tengah. Buku profil kesehatan Propinsi Jawa Tengah tahun 2012. Semarang: Dinas Kesehatan Propinsi Semarang; 2013.

4. Mardiyaningsih E, Setyowati S, Sabri L. Efektifitas kombinasi teknik marmet dan pijat oksitosin terhadap produksi ASI ibu post seksio di Rumah Sakit wilayah Jawa Tengah. Jurnal Keperawatan Sudirman. 2011 [diakses tanggal 6 November 2014]. Diunduh dalam: http://jks.fkik.unsoed.ac.id/index.php/jks/article/view/321.

5. Ulfah RRM.Efektivitas pemberian teknik marmet terhadap pengeluaran asi pada ibu menyusui 0-6 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Arjasa Kabupaten Jember. 2012 [diakses tanggal 6 November 2014]. Diunduh dalam: http://repository.unej.ac.id/handle /123456789/9987.

6. YokoyamaY, Ueda T, Irahara M, Aono T. Releases of oxytocin and prolactin during breast massage and suckling in puerperal women. European Journal of Obstetric Gynecololy and Reproductive Biology [serial on the internet]. 1994 Jan [cited 2014 Nov 19]. Available from: http://web. a.ebscohost.com/ehost/resultsadvanced.

7. Desmawati. Penentu kecepatan pengeluaran air susu ibu setelah sectio caesarea. Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional. 2013; 7 (8): 360-4.

8. Becker GE, Smith HA, Cooney F. Methods of milk expression for lactating women. Cochrane Database Systematic Review [serial on the internet]. 2015 [cited 2015 June 21]; 7: 12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih. gov/pubmed /22161398.

9. Jutte J, Hohoff A, Sauerland C, Wiechmann D. In vivo assessment of number of milk duct orifices in lactating women and association with parameters in the mother and the infant. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth [serial on internet]. 2014 [cited 2014 Nov 6]; 14: 124. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3992155/.

10. Ahluwalia IB, Morrow B, Hsia J. Why do women stop breastfeeding? finding from the pregnancy risk assessment and monitoring system. Journal Pediatrics [serial on internet]. 2005 [cited 2014 Nov 4]; 116: 1408-12. Available from: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/ 12949292.

11. Dewey K, Nommsen-Rivers L, Heining M, Cohen R. Risk faktor for suboptimal infant breastfeeding behavior, delayed onset lactasion, and excess neonatal weight loss. Journal Pediatrics. 2003; 112: 607-19.

12. Bobak IM, Lowdermilk DL, Jensen MD. Buku ajar keperawatan maternitas. Jakarta: EGC; 2005.

13. Wrigh MJ, Bentley ME, Mendez MA, Adair LS. The interactive association of dietary diversity scores and breast-feeding status with weight and length in Filipino infants aged 6-24 months. Public Health Nutrition [serial on the internet]. 2015 [cited 2014 Nov 6]; 10: 1762-73. Availabel from: http://www. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov /pubmed/25728248.

14. Tjandrasa M. Perkembangan anak. Hulok A, terj. Jakarta: Erlangga; 2000.

Download

Share

COinS