Abstract

Pada saat kehamilan, terjadi peningkatan kebutuhan zat besi (Fe) yang diperlukan untuk meningkatkan jumlah sel darah merah ibu dan membentuk sel darah merah janin dan plasenta. Apabila kebutuhan zat besi ini tidak terpenuhi, akan terjadi anemia defisiensi besi. Ibu hamil yang tinggal di daerah endemis malaria rentan terinfeksi malaria, yang berdampak terhadap anemia pada kehamilan. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian deskriptif dengan desain potong lintang yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran profil zat besi pada ibu hamil yang berada di daerah endemis malaria vivax kota Bengkulu. Pemeriksaan mikroskopis malaria dan pengambilan sampel darah dilakukan untuk pemeriksaan profil zat besi terhadap 55 orang ibu hamil trimester II dan III yang mempunyai riwayat malaria di 5 wilayah kerja puskesmas. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dilakukan analisis univariat. Pada ibu hamil yang tidak terinfeksi malaria tetapi mempunyai riwayat malaria, 90,5% mengalami anemia, 41,5% mengalami penurunan kadar Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC), dan 17% mengalami penurunan kadar Fe serum. Ibu hamil yang terinfeksi malaria vivax selain terjadi penurunan kadar hemoglobin juga disertai dengan penurunan kadar Fe serum dan kadar TIBC. Pada ibu hamil yang menderita malaria falsiparum, terjadi penurunan kadar hemoglobin (Hb) dan kadar TIBC tetapi tidak disertai dengan penurunan kadar Fe serum. Ibu hamil yang terinfeksi malaria maupun yang mempunyai riwayat terinfeksi malaria mengalami anemia pada kehamilan. During pregnancy, the need of iron increase significantly. Iron is needed for increasing the amount of mother’s red blood cell and form the red blood cell of fetus and placenta. If this iron needs is not fulfilled, it could cause iron deficiency anemia. Pregnant women who live in endemic malaria will be vulnerable to be infected malaria, and will cause anemia in pregnancy. This research was aimed to know iron profile in pregnant women that live in endemic malaria area. Malaria microscopic examination and blood sampling for examination of iron profile in 55 pregnant women trimester II and III who have a history of malaria in 5 working area health centers. The data obtained was then performed univariate analysis. The results showed pregnant women who have malaria history, 90.5% are suffering anemia, decreasing of Total Iron Binding Capacity (TIBC) level (41.5%) and 17% Fe serum level (17%). Pregnant women who are infected vivax malaria not only experiencing decrease of hemoglobin level but also experiencing decrease of Fe serum level and TIBC level, while pregnant woman who suffers from falciparum malaria haemoglobin (Hb) level and TIBC are decreasing but not in serum Fe levels. Pregnant women with history of malaria infection will suffer from anemia during pregnancy.

References

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