Abstract

Pengendalian tuberkulosis telah meningkatkan angka kesembuhan dan menyelamatkan banyak jiwa, tetapi kurang berhasil menurunkan insiden tuberkulosis. Oleh karena itu, pengendalian tuberkulosis menekankan pada kebijakan determinan sosial karena determinan sosial secara langsung dan melalui faktor risiko tuberkulosis berpengaruh terhadap tuberkulosis. Hasil telaah literatur menunjukkan bahwa stratifikasi determinan sosial menyebabkan clustering tuberkulosis, berupa pengelompokkan penderita tuberkulosis menurut lokasi geografis yang secara statistik signifikan. Pengetahuan tentang clustering sangat bermanfaat dalam pengendalian tuberkulosis, khususnya untuk menurunkan insiden tuberkulosis karena dapat memberikan informasi tentang lokasi populasi yang berisiko. Selain itu, telaah literatur menunjukkan bahwa implementasi analisis spasial memerlukan dukungan sumber daya yang tidak sedikit. Oleh karena itu, sebelum analisis cluster berbasis spasial dapat diterapkan, perlu didukung oleh penelitian yang menunjukkan kesiapan sumber daya dan efektivitas biaya. Tuberculosis control has increased cure rate and saved million people, but has less success in reducing tuberculosis incidence. Therefore, tuberculosis control needs to put more emphasis on social determinants policy, since social determinants directly or through tuberculosis-risk factors affect tuberculosis. Literature reviews show that stratification of social determinants will cause tuberculosis clustering, a grouping of tuberculosis patients according geographical area that is statistically significant. Knowledge on the clustering is very useful to support tuberculosis-control program, especially for reducing tuberculosis incidence through highlighting the area of vulnerable population. On the other hand, literature reviews also show that implementation of spatial analysis requires adequate resources. Therefore, before tuberculosis cluster analysis can be implemented routinely, it shouldbe supported by researches that indicate resources readiness and cost effectiveness.

References

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