Abstract

Undang-undang Republik Indonesia No. 36 tahun 2009 tentang kesehatan dan peraturan pemerintah No. 51 tahun 2009 menyatakan bahwa tenaga kesehatan harus mempunyai kualifikasi minimum yang ditetapkan oleh pemerintah. Studi kualitatif secara potong lintang pada tahun 2010 untuk mengidentifikasi kualifikasi apoteker rumah sakit dalam memenuhi persyaratan tersebut di Bandung, Yogyakarta dan Surabaya. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara mendalam terhadap 10 orang apoteker dari enam rumah sakit dan empat orang direktur/wakil direktur rumah sakit, masing-masing satu orang apoteker dari enam perguruan tinggi farmasi, tiga pengurus Ikatan Apoteker Indonesia, tiga dinas kesehatan provinsi dan kabupaten/kota. Observasi praktek kefarmasian dengan menggunakan daftar tilik dilakukan pada tiap rumah sakit dan data sekunder terkait dokumentasi pemantauan dan evaluasi obat, kepuasan pasien, standar operasional prosedur dan kurikulum perguruan tinggi farmasi juga dikumpulkan. Analisis dilakukan dengan metode triangulasi dan hasil menunjukkan bahwa pengelolaan obat dalam hal pengadaan, distribusi dan penyimpanan dilaksanakan dengan baik oleh apoteker rumah sakit. Praktek farmasi klinik dan keselamatan pasien masih sangat terbatas karena alasan sumber daya manusia dan dokumentasi yang memadai. Informasi obat dan konseling kadang dilakukan tanpa fasilitas yang cukup dan apoteker juga terlibat dalam berbagai tim di rumah sakit seperti penanggulangan infeksi nosokomial dan komite farmasi dan terapi.

The Indonesian Health Law No. 36 in 2009 and the Government Regulation No. 51 in 2009 state that health-care providers, including pharmacist, shall have minimum qualification set by the government. A qualitative cross sectional was conducted to to identify hospital pharmacist qualification as health care professionals in meeting the requirements was done in 2010 in Bandung, Yogyakarta and Surabaya. Data were collected through indepth interviews with pharmacists involving ten hospital pharmacists and four hos- pital directors/vice directors, six pharmacy colleges, three regional pharmacist associations, three provincial health offices and district health offices and observation of pharmacy practices using check list in each hospital was also conducted. Secondary data concerning documentation of drug monitoring and evaluation, patient satisfaction, standard operating procedure and pharmacy college curricula were collected too. Qualitative analysis was done descriptively using triangulation method. The study shows that drug procurement, distribution and storage, was well-managed by pharmacist. Practice in clinical pharmacy and patient safety was still limited for the reason of human resources and appropriate documentation. Drug information and counseling was sometimes conducted without adequate facilities and pharmacist was involved in various hospital teams like nosocomial infection control and pharmacy and therapy committee.

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