Abstract

Perubahan lingkungan memengaruhi hidup dan transmisi virus dengue dalam tubuh nyamuk. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui pengaruh suhu, kelembaban udara(RH), terhadap transmisi virus DEN-2 pada nyamuk Aedes aegypti. Studi eksperimental dengan desain pre dan post tes control group dilakukan di laboratorium pusat kedokteran tropis, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada kelompok Ae. aegypti betina umur 7 hari (F0). Virus DEN-2 diinfeksikan secara transovarial cara membran oral sampai generasi F2. Kelompok lain sebagai kontrol di inkubator temperatur dan suhu tertentu, waktu tertentu, jumlah telur yang dihasilkan, yang menetas dan mengandung virus dicatat. Hasil penelitian menemukan indeks transmisi transovarial generasi F0 dan F1 selama 14 hari masainkubasi adalah 93,3% dan 82,2%, laju tetas telur dari nyamuk F0 yang terinfeksi dan tidak terinfeksi masing-masing 68% dan 85%, sedangkan laju tetas telur dari nyamuk F1 yang terinfeksi dan tidak terinfeksi masing-masing 72,6% dan 76%. Pada tiga kondisi ruang uji, nyamuk berumur 7 hari dalam ruang gelap dan lembab menghasilkan telur paling banyak dibandingkan pada kondisi normal dan pada inkubasi tanpa CO2. Nyamuk umur 14 hari menghasilkan telur tertinggi dalam ruang gelap dan lembab, dibandingkan pada kondisi ruang normal dan dalam inkubasi tanpa CO2. Virus DEN-2 dapat menginfeksi Ae.aegypti secara transovarial dengan laju infeksi lebih tinggi pada F0 daripada F1. Suhu dan kelembaban mempengaruhi kemampuan produksi telur Ae. aegypti untuk hidup dan tumbuh.

Environmental changes influenced survival life and virus transmission of dengue virus (DEN) in a mosquito. The purpose of the present study was to define DEN-2 virus transmission dynamic and effect of temperature, relative humidity (RH), and DEN-2 virus infection on viability of Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti). This experimental study with pretest-posttest control group design was conducted at the Laboratory of Center for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Gadjah Mada University (UGM), Yogyakarta. Seventh daysold female Ae.aegypti (F0) were infected DEN-2 viaoral membrane and kept until F2 generation by transovarial transmission, number of eggs produced and hatched was recorded. After 14-day incubation was found that trans ovarial transmission rate of DEN-2 virus infection in F0 and F1 were 93.3% and 82.2%, respectivel y. Egg production, hatchingrates from infected and uninfected mosquitoes F0 were 68% and 85%; and F1 were 72.6% and 76%, respectivel y. At defined room condition tests, 7 day adult mosquitoes in dark and humid environment produced highest number of eggs, compared normal environment and in incubated without CO 2. In fourteenth day oldmosquitoesat dark and humid produced highest number of eggs, compare normal environment condition, and in incubated without CO2. DEN-2 virus was able to infect Ae.aegypti by transovarial transmission where the infection rate in F0 was higher than F1 generation. Temperature and humidity affected the abilityof Ae. aegypti eggs to live and grow to adulthood.

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