Abstract

Program Pemberian Makanan Pendamping ASI (MP-ASI) berupa bubur untuk 6-11 bulan dan biskuit untuk 12-24 bulan dan bertujuan untuk meningkatkan status gizi pada anak, terutama pada keluarga miskin. Tujuan penelitian ini mengevaluasi berbagai faktor yang memengaruhi berat badan tidak naik pada baduta keluarga miskin setelah pemberian program MP-ASI kementerian kesehatan. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada 82 ibu baduta yang menerima MP-ASI dengan desain studi kasus kontrol menggunakan data primer dan sekunder. Analisis dilakukan dengan regresi multivariat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan hubungan antara berat badan tidak naik dengan ASI eksklusif (OR = 3,48; IK 95% = 1,38-8,80), pemberian MP-ASI kementerian kesehatan (OR = 0,30; IK 95% = 0,10-0,94), riwayat penyakit infeksi (OR = 3,07; IK 95% = 1,17-8,03), dan pola konsumsi susu (OR = 0,23; IK 95% = 0,07-0,79). Faktor yang paling dominan berpengaruh adalah ASI eksklusif (B = 6,152). Sebaiknya, program MP-ASI disosialisasikan secara menyeluruh dan jelas.

The Complementary Feeding Program is conducted through the distribution puree for 6-11 month old and biscuits for those who were 12 to 24 months old infant and aimed to improve the nutritional status of malnourished toddlers from poor families. The aim of this study was to evaluate the factors influencing failure weight gain among toddlers of low economy families after the program. This study was conducted on 82 mothers who received Complementary Feeding Program biscuit using case-control design study. Analysis conducted through the multivariate regression. The result showed that the state of failure weight gain is significantly affected by exclusive breastfeeding (OR = 3.48; CI 95% = 1.38-8.80), the duration of provision for the Complementary Feeding Program (OR = 0.30; CI 95% = 0.10-0.94), the history of infectious diseases (OR = 3.07; CI 95% = 1.17-8.03), and the pattern of milk consumption (OR = 0.23; CI 95% = 0.07-0.79). The most dominant factor affecting failure weight gain was exclusive breastfeeding (B = 6.15). A through socialization of the Complementary Feeding Program is recommended.

References

1. Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Prosedur mutu makanan pendamping air susu ibu (MP-ASI) bagi bayi 6-11 bulan dan anak 12- 23 bulan BGM gakin tahun 2008. Jakarta: Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta; 2008.

2. World Health Organization. Global strategy for infant and young child. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2003 [cited 2011 May 1]. Available from: www.who.int/nutrition/publications/gs_infant_feeding_text_eng.pdf.

3. Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Pedoman umum pemberian makanan pendamping air susu ibu (MP-ASI) lokal. Jakarta: Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2006.

4. Depkes. Laporan tahunan program gizi Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta tahun 2008 . Jakarta: Dinas Kesehatan Provinsi DKI Jakarta; 2009.

5. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Laporan tahunan suku dinas kesehatan Jakarta Selatan tahun 2010. Jakarta: Suku Dinas Kesehatan Jakarta Selatan; 2011.

6. Widodo Y. Pertumbuhan bayi yang mendapat ASI eksklusif dan ASI tidak ekskusif [Tesis]. Yogyakarta: Universitas Gadjah Mada; 2005.

7. Dewey KG. Is breastfeeding protective against child obesity? Journal of Human Lactation. 2003; 19 (1): 9-18.

8. Kalies H, Heinrich J, Borte M, Schaaf B, von Berg A, von Kries R, et al. The effect of breastfeeding on weight gain in infants:results of a birth cohort study. European Journal of Medical Research. 2005; 10 (1): 36-42.

9. Kramer MS, Kakuma R. The optimal duration of exclusive breastfeeding: a systematic review. Advance in Experimental Medicine and Biology. 2004; 554: 63-77.

10. World Health Organization. Management severe of nutrition: a manual for physicians and other service health worker. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1999 [cited 2011 May 11]. Available from: http: whqlibdoc.who.int/hq/1999/a57361.pdf.

11. Sudargo H. Kinerja tenaga pelaksana gizi puskesmas hubungannya dengan efektivitas program makanan pendamping air susu ibu pada anak bawah dua tahun dengan gizi buruk di Kabupaten Karimun, Kepulauan Riau. Jurnal Manajemen Pelayanan Kesehatan. 2008; 11(3): 112-21.

12. Flax VL, Phuka J, Cheung YB, Ashorn U, Maleta K, Ashorn P. Feeding patterns and behaviors during home supplementation of underweight Malawian children with lipid-based nutrient supplements or corn-soy blend. Appetite. 2010: 54 (3): 504-11.

13. Lestari ED, Hartini TN, Hakimi M, Surjono A. Nutritional status and nutrient intake from complementary foods among breastfed children in Purworejo District, Central Java, Indonesia. Paediatrica Indonesiana. 2005; 45 (1): 1-2.

14. Checkley W, Epstein LD, Gilman R. Effects of acute diarrhea on linear growth in Peruvian children. American Journal of Epidemiology. 2003; 157 (2): 166-75.

15. Schaible UE, Kaufmann SH. Malnutrition and infection: complex mechanisms and global impacts. PLoS Medicine [serial on internet]. 2007 May [cited 2012 Aug 31]; 4(5): 115. Available from: http://www.plosmedicine.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjou rnal.pmed.0040115.

16. Katona P, Katona-Apte J. The interaction between nutrition and infection. Clinical Infection Disease. 2008; 46 (10): 1582-8.

17. Solomons NW. Malnutrition and infection: an update. British Journal of Nutrition. 2007; 98 (Suppl 1): S5-10.

18. Macallan D. Infection and malnutrition. Medicine. 2007; 37: 10.

19. Marcos A, Nova E, Montero A. Changes in the immune system are conditioned by nutrition. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition. 2003; 57 (Suppl 1): S66–9.

20. Kartika V. Studi dampak pemberian makanan pendamping air susu ibu. Penelitian Gizi dan Makanan. 2003; 26 (1): 1-10.

21. Supariasa IDN. Penilaian Status Gizi. Jakarta: EGC; 2001.

22. Satoto. Fitrah dan tumbuh kembang anak [Pidato Pengukuhan Jabatan Guru Besar Tetap Ilmu Gizi Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Diponegoro]. Semarang: Universitas Diponegoro; 1997.

23. Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Status gizi ibu hamil, bayi, dan balita tahun 1989-2002. Jakarta: Pusat Data dan Informasi Departemen Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2003.

24. World Health Organization. Evidence for the ten steps to successful breastfeeding. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2003 [cited 2011 May 1]. Available from: http://whqlibdoc.who.int/publications/2004/9241591544_eng.pdf.

Included in

Nutrition Commons

Share

COinS