Abstract

Laporan Kesehatan Dunia (LKD) tahun 2000, yang memfokuskan pada program peningkatan kinerja sistem kesehatan, mengundang banyak pro dan kontra. Artikel ini menilai secara kritis laporan tersebut terhadap sistem kesehatan nasional Indonesia. Artikel ini membahas unsur-unsur model evaluasi WHO, pembobotan indikator yang digunakan, ukuran variabel, dan sumber data. Sebanyak 191 negara di dunia, Indonesia telah mencapai total peringkat 106, dengan tingkat kesehatan dan distribusi kesehatan masing-masing pada posisi 103 dan 156. Lebih lanjut, ketanggapan dan keadilan pembiayaan kesehatan masing-masing berada pada peringkat 63-64 dan 73. Sementara itu, indikator pengeluaran kesehatan berada pada peringkat 154 dengan kinerja Sistem Kesehatan Nasional Indonesia untuk tingkat kesehatan menduduki peringkat 90. Secara keseluruhan, sistem kinerja kesehatan Indonesia berada pada peringkat 92. Namun, ada 5 kritik terhadap LKD tahun 2000 untuk Indonesia yang meliputi masalah cara memperoleh data yang benar, metode menilai ketanggapan, perhitungan pembiayaan yang wajar, keterbatasan nilai ilmiah dan diskusi lebih lanjut tentang agenda politik dan metode untuk menilai kinerja sistem kesehatan. Meskipun memiliki keterbatasan metode dan kerangka yang digunakan, LKD 2000 telah mempengaruhi banyak negara untuk memprioritaskan pencapaian dan kinerja sistem kesehatan mereka. Artikel ini menyarankan perlunya pemantauan dan evaluasi sistem kesehatan yang komprehensif dengan kebijakan yang berkelanjutan.

The World Health Report (WHR) 2000, which focused on improving health system performance, has been a lot of pro and cons. This article assesses critically the WHR 2000 for Indonesia health system. It discusses the elements of WHO evaluation model, weighting the indicators used, the variables measure, and sources of data. Of 191 countries in the world, Indonesia has attained the total rank of 106, while the level of health and distribution of health was in the rank of 103 and 156, respectively. Furthermore, the rank of health financing responsiveness and fairness was in 63-64 and 73, respectively. Meanwhile, health expenditure indicator rank was in 154 with the performance of Indonesia national health system for level of health was in 90. Overall, the rank of health system performance for Indonesia was in 92. Nevertheless, there are five critics to the WHR 2000 for Indonesia, namely, issues of obtaining the right data, method to assess responsiveness, fair financing calculation, limitation of scientific value, and further discussion on political agenda and method for assessing health system performance. Despite the limitations on methods and framework used, however, the WHR 2000 has influenced countries to prioritize the health system attainment and performance. This article recommends the necessity of comprehensive health system monitoring and evaluation with sustainable policy.

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