Abstract

Religious leader is a figure who is believed to have the gift of healing. A person with illness will follow any advice the religious leader gives for his/her recovery.Based on the phenomenon, religious leader is a potential local figure to give support for individuals at risk of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) andacquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS). This study aimed to determine factors related to religious leader’s support toward individuals at risk of HIV andAIDS to attend voluntary counselling and testing (VCT) service. This study was an observational analytical with cross-sectional design. The population of thisstudy was religious leader in Kupang City. The sample size was 70 people selected through random sampling technique. The data were collected using questionnaire and analyzed using chi-square and multiple logistic regression test. Factors significantly related to the religious leaders supports’ for individuals atrisk of HIV and AIDS to get VCT were knowledge (OR = 9.01; 95% CI = 1.73 - 47.07), servant leadership (OR = 11.67; 95% CI = 2.44 - 55.84, trust (OR =11.55; 95% CI = 2.35 - 56.70) and perception (OR = 6.12; 95% CI = 1.26 - 29.71). Social capital had no significant effect on the religious leader support’s (OR= 1.06; 95% CI = 0.22 - 5.12). It is necessary to improve religious leader’s knowledge of HIV and AIDS.

References

1. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Rencana aksi nasional kolaborasi TB-HIV, 2015-2019. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Direktorat Jenderal Pengendalian Penyakit dan Penyehatan Lingkungan; 2015. p.1.

2. Direktorat Jendral Pengendalian Penyakit. Laporan situasi perkembangan HIV/AIDS dan Penyakit Infeksi Menular Seksual di Indonesia Oktober-Desember 2016; 2016. p. 8-20.

3. Komisi Penanggulangan HIV/AIDS Provinsi NTT. Laporan kasus HIV/AIDS di Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur Tahun 2016; 2016. p. 1-5.

4. Burhan R. Health service utilization in women living with HIV/AIDS. Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional. 2013; 8 (1): 33-8.

5. Mtenga S, Exaver, A, Kakoko D, Geubbels E. Social cognitive determinants of HIV voluntary counselling and testing uptake among married individuals in Dar es Salaam Tanzania: theory of planned behaviour (TPB). BMC Public Health. 2015; 15 (213): 1-8.

6. Okeafor CU, Okeafor IN. Trends in sexual risk behaviour, HIV knowledge and testing among reproductive-aged women in Nigeria: DHS 2003-2013. HIV & AIDS Review. 2017; 16 (2): 107-11.

7. Mugomeri E, Chatanga P, Notoane MJ. Reported quality of life of HIVpositive people in Maseru, Lesotho: the need to strengthen social protection programmes. HIV & AIDS Review. 2016; 15 (2): 61-8.

8. Abara W, Coleman JD, Fairchild A, Gaddist B, White J. A Faith-based community partnership to address HIV/AIDS in the Southern United States: implementation, challenges, and lessons learned. Journal Religious Health. 2015; 54 (1): 122-33.

9. Ramirez-Johnson J, Diaz HL, Feldman JB, Ramirez-Jorge J. Empowering Latino church leaders to deal with the HIV-AIDS crisis: a strengths-oriented service model. Journal of Religious Health. 2013; 52 (2): 570-88.

10. Stewart MJ. Pastor and lay leader perceptions of barriers and supports to HIV ministry maintenance in an African American Church. Journal of Religious Health. 2014; 53 (2): 317–25.

11. Dupont S, Galand B, Nils F. The impact of different sources of social support on academic performance: intervening factors and mediated pathways in the case of master’s thesis. Revue Europeenne de Psychologie appliquee. 2015; 65: 227-37.

12. Kamenov K, Cabello M, Caballero FF, Cieza A, Sabariego C, Raggi A, Anczewska M, Pitkanen T, Ayuso-Mateos J. Factor related to social support in neurological and mental disorders. PLoS ONE. 2016; 11 (2): e0149356.

13. Rouhani AS, O’Laughlin NK, Faustin MZ, Tsai CA, Kasozi J, Ware CN. The role of social support on HIV testing and treatment adherence: a qualitative study of HIV-infected refuges in Southwestern Uganda. Global Public Health. 2017; 12 (8): 1051-64.

14. Young S, Patterson L, Wolff M, Greer Y, Wynne N. Empowerment, leadership, and sustainability in a faith-based partnership to improve health. Journal of Religious Health. 2015; 54 (6): 2086-98.

15. Hustedde R. An introduction to community development: seven theories for seven community developers. Routledge USA; 2009.

16. Badan Statistik Kota Kupang. Statistik daerah Kota Kupang 2017. Kupang: BPS Kota Kupang; 2017. p. 4-7.

17. Kuntoro. Dasar filosofis metodologi penelitian. Surabaya: Pustaka Melati; 2011.

18. Purnomo W, Bramantoro T. 36 Langkah praktis sukses menulis karya tulis ilmiah. Surabaya: Revka Putra Media; 2014.

19. Hulley BS, Cummings RS, Browner SW, Grady GD, Newman BT. Designing clinical research. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams and Wilkins; 2013.

20. Boone HN, Boone DA. Analyzing likert data. Journal of Extension. 2012; 50 (2).

21. Shaluhiyah Z, Musthofa BS, Widjarko B. Public stigma to people living with HIV/AIDS. Kesmas: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Nasional. 2015; 9 (4): 333-9.

22. Rivero-Mendez M, Suarez-Perez EL, Solis-Baez SS. Measuring health literacy among people living with HIV who attend a community-based ambulatory clinic in Puerto Rico. Puerto Rico Health Sciences Journal. 2015; 34 (1): 31-7.

23. Bakhhoum YA, Bachmann OM, Kharrat E, Tallaat R. Assesment of knowledge, attitude, and practice of risky sexual behavior leading to HIV and sexually transmitted infections among Egyptian substance abusers: a cross-sectional study. Advance in Public Health. 2014: 1-8.

24. Sorensen K, Broucke VDS, Fullam J, Doyle G, Pelikan J, Slonska Z, Brand H. Health literacy and public health: a systematic review and integration of definitions and models. BMC Public Health. 2012; 12 (80): 1-13.

25. Moore L, Chersich FM, Steen R, Reza-Paul S, Dhana A, Vuylsteke B, Lafort Y, Scorgie F. Community empowerment and involment of female sex workers in targeted sexual and reproductive health interventions in Africa: a systematic review. Globalization and Health Journal. 2014; 10 (47): 1-17.

26. Blanchard KA, Mohan LH, Shahmanesh M, Prakash R, Isaac S, Ramesh MB, Bhattacharjee P, Gurnani MS, Blanchard, FJ. Community mobilization, empowerment and HIV prevention among female sex workers in South India. BMC Public Health. 2013; 13 (234): 1-13.

27. Richards A, Reed J. Social capital’s role in the development of volunteer-led cooperatives. Social Enterprise Journal. 2015; 11 (1): 4-23.

28. Frumence G, Erikson M, Nystrom L, Killewo J, Emmelin M. Exploring the role of cognitive and structural forms of social capital in HIV/AIDS trends in the Kagera region of Tanzania - a grounded theory study. African Journal of AIDS Research. 2011; 10 (1): 1-13.

29. Davenport B. Compassion, suffering, and servant-leadership: combining compassion and servant leadership to respond to suffering. Leadership. 2015; 11 (3): 300-15.

30. Spears L. Character and servant leadership: Ten characteristics of effective, caring leaders. The Journal of Virtues and Leadership. 2010; 1 (1): 25-30.

31. Hunt K. Servant leadership: Key principle 9-commiment to the growth of people. Imprint. 2015; 62 (2): 7.

32. Parris D, Peachey J. A systematic literature review of servant leadership theory in organizational contexts. Journal of Business Ethics. 2013; 113 (3): 377-93.

33. Benawa A. Servant leadership: Spiritual dimension in leadership. Advanced Science Letters. 2015; 21 (7): 2387-9.

34. Smallwood S, Freedman D, Pitner R, Sharpe P, Cole J, Hastie S, Hunter B. Implementing a community empowerment centre to build capacity for developing, implementing, and sustaining interventions to promote community health. Journal of Community Health. 2015; 40 (6): 1122- 9.

35. Campbell C, Skovdal M, Gibbs A. Creating social spaces to tackle AIDSrelated stigma: reviewing the role of church groups in Sub-Saharan Africa. AIDS Behaviour Journal. 2011; 15 (6): 1204 –19.

36. Weerd W, Timmermans D, Beaujean D, Oudhoff J, Steenbergen J. Monitoring the level of government trust, risk perception and intention of the general public to adopt protective measures during the influenza A (H1N1) pandemic in the Netherlands. BMC Public Health. 2011; 11 (575): 1-12.

37. Radzniwan R, Alyani M, Aida J, Khairania O, Jaafar NRN, Tohid, Hizlinda. Psychological status and its clinical determinants among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Northern Peninsular Malaysia. HIV & AIDS Review. 2016; 15 (4): 141-6.

38. Baidoobonso S, Bauer G, Speechley K, Lawson E. HIV risk perception and distribution of HIV risk among African, Caribbean and other black people in a Canadian City: mixed methods results from the BLACCH Study. BMC Public Health. 2013; 13 (184): 1-17.

39. Nobakht A, Mohraz M, Rahimzadeh M, Tehranizadeh M, Moghadam Z, Saeieh SE. The effect of cognitive behavioural therapy on depression, anxiety and stress in women with HIV. HIV & AIDS Review. 2018; 17 (3): 218-23.

Download

Share

COinS