Abstract
Leprosy is a disease of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) which becomes a global problem and causes the perceived stigma in people affected by leprosy. This study aimed to determine most dominant factors affecting perceived stigma in people affected by leprosy in leprosy village of Sitanala, Tangerang District, Banten Province, Indonesia. The data used was secondary data taken from cross-sectional survey of a thesis which determined factors related to perceived stigma of leprosy in leprosy village of Sitanala, Tangerang, Indonesia. Samples were selected by purposive sampling. The results of the study showed that factors related to perceived stigma were level of education, perception of knowledge about leprosy, level of disability, and cultural values. There was modification effect between the level of disability and perception of knowledge about leprosy, OR1=4.82 (95% CI 1.26-18,34) and OR2=1.18 (95% CI 0.2-6.98). The dominant factor is level of education with PAR% = 38.8%.
References
1. Feasey N, Wansbrough-Jones M, Mabey DC, Solomon AW. Neglected tropical diseases. British Medical Bulletin [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2018 January 13]; 93(1): 179-200. Available from: https://academic. oup.com/bmb/article-abstract/93/1/179/307584.
2. Direktorat Jendral Pengendalian Penyakit dan Penyehatan Lingkungan Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Pedoman nasional program pengendalian penyakit kusta. Jakarta: Direktorat Jendral Pengendalian Penyakit dan Penyehatan Lingkungan Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2015.
3. The Access and Delivery Partnership. Strategi nasional riset implementasi operasional untuk mendukung pencegahan dan pengendalian Tuberkulosis, Malaria dan Neglected Tropical Diseases 2016–2019. Jakarta: National Institute of Health Research and Development (NIHRD), Ministry of Health, Republic of Indonesia; 2015
4. World Health Organization. Leprosy. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2017 [cited 2018 January 12]. Available from: http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/fs101/en/.
5. Aagaard-Hansen J, Chaignat CL. Neglected tropical diseases: equity and social determinants. In: Equity, social determinants and public health programmes [Internet]. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2010. p.135-58. Available from: http://www.who.int/social_determinants/en/.
6. World Health Organization. Leprosy: weekly epidemiological record. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2016 [cited 2018 January 13]. Available from: http://www.who.int/lep/resources/who_wer9135/en/.
7. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Kemenkes targetkan tiap provinsi eliminasi Kusta pada 2019. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2015 [cited 2018 January 13]. Available from: http://www.depkes.go.id/article/view/15012000002/kemenkes-targetkan-tiap-provinsi-eliminasi-kusta-pada-2019.html.
8. Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia. Profil kesehatan propinsi Banten tahun 2012. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan Republik Indonesia; 2012.
9. Astutik E, Kiptiyah NM. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku perawatan eks-penderita kusta di unit pelaksana teknis rehabilitasi sosial eks-penderita kusta Nganget, Tuban, Jawa Timur. Jurnal Epidemiologi Kesehatan Indonesia [Internet]. 2016 [cited 2018 March, 11]; 1(1). Available from: http://journal.fkm.ui.ac.id/epid/article/download/1312/516.
10. Van Brakel W. Stigma in leprosy: concepts, causes and determinants. Leprosy Review [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 January 13]; 85: 36-47. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/W_Van_Brakel/ publication/263550371_Stigma_in_leprosy_concepts_causes_and_determinants/links/5557351308aeaaff3bf74039.pdf.
11. Voorend C, Angermeyer M, Fuzikawa P, Pakasi T, Rensen C, Stevelink S, et al. Guidelines to reduce stigma: guide 2 how to assess health-related stigma. London/Amsterdam: The International Federation of AntiLeprosy Associations (ILEP) and the Netherlands Leprosy Relief (NLR); 2011 [cited 2018 January 13]. Available from: https://www.leprosy-information.org/biblio_search/search/Guideline%20to%20reduce%20sti gma.
12. Van Brakel WH, Sihombing B, Djarir H, Beise K, Kusumawardhani L, Yulihane R, et al. Disability in people affected by leprosy: the role of impairment, activity, social participation, stigma and discrimination. Global Health Action [Internet]. 2012 [cited 2018 January 15]; 5(1):18394. Available from: http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/ full/10.3402/gha.v5i0.18394
13. Adhikari B, Kaehler N, Raut S, Marahatta SB, Ggyanwali K. Risk factors of stigma related to leprosy-A systematic review. Journal of Manmohan Memorial Institute of Health Sciences [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 January 16]; 1(2): 3-11. Available from: http://www.nepjol.info/index.php/JMMIHS/article/viewFile/9902/8077.
14. Nardi SMT, Paschoal V, Zanetta DMT. Social participation of people affected by leprosy after discontinuation of multidrug therapy. Leprosy Review [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 January 17]; 82(1): 55-64. Available from: http://www.lepra.org.uk/platforms/lepra/ files/lr/mar11/lep55-64.pdf.
15. Adhikari B, Kaehler N, Chapman RS, Raut S, Roche P. Factors affecting perceived stigma in leprosy affected persons in western Nepal. PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases [Internet]. 2014 [cited 2018 January 13]; 8(6): e2940. Available from: http://journals.plos.org/plosntds/article?id=10.1371/journal.pntd.000 2940.
16. Sathish P, Sisodia M, Selvasekar A. Role of stigma and depression in influencing the leprosy affected person’s quality of life. Brussels: 18th International Leprosy Congres; 2013.
17. Pescosolido BA, Martin JK, Lang A, Olafsdottir S. Rethinking theoretical approaches to stigma: a framework integrating normative influences on stigma (FINIS). Social Science & Medicine [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2018 January 15]; 67(3): 431-40. Available from: https://wisewisconsin.org/wp-content/uploads/Rethinking-theoretical-approaches-to-stigma-A-Framework-Integrating.pdf.
18. Glanz K, Rimer BK, Viswanath K. Health behavior and health education: theory, research, and practice. United States of America: John Wiley & Sons; 2008.
19. Green LW, Kreuter MW, Deeds SG, Partridge KB, Bartlett E. Health education planning: a diagnostic approach. United States: John Hopkins University; 1980.
20. Astutik E. Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perceived stigma tentang penyakit kusta pada orang yang pernah mengalami kusta di perkampungan kusta, Sitanala, Tangerang, tahun 2013 [Tesis]. Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia; 2014.
21. Notoatmodjo S. Pendidikan dan perilaku kesehatan. Jakarta: RinekaCipta. 2003.
22. Rao P, Raju M, Barkataki A, Nanda N, Kumar S. 5 Extent and correlates of leprosy stigma in rural India. Indian Journal of Leprosy [Internet]. 2008 [cited 2018 January 16]; 80(2):167-74. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Moturu_Raju/publication/24411 398_Extent_and_correlates_of_leprosy_stigma_in_Rural_India/links/5 80f093108aef766ef113219.pdf.
23. Poestges H. Leprosy, the key to another kingdom. Leprosy Review [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 January 17]; 82(2): 155. Available from: http://lepra2014.ritdns.com/platforms/lepra/files/lr/June11/Lep155- 167.pdf.
24. Tsutsumi A, Izutsu T, Islam AM, Maksuda A, Kato H, Wakai S. The quality of life, mental health, and perceived stigma of leprosy patients in Bangladesh. Social Science & Medicine [Internet]. 2007 [cited 2018 January 16]; 64(12):2443-53. Available from: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953607000585?via%3Dihub.
25. Brouwers C, van Brakel W, Cornielje H. Quality of life, perceived stigma, activity and participation of people with leprosy-related disabilities in south-east Nepal. Disability, CBR & Inclusive Development [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 January 17]; 22(1):16-34. Available from: http://dcidj.org/article/download/15/30.
26. Boku N, Lockwood D, Balagon MV, Pardillo F, Maghanoy AA, Mallari IB, et al. Impacts of the diagnosis of leprosy and of visible impairments amongst people affected by leprosy in Cebu, the Philippines. Leprosy Review [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2018 January 17]; 81(2):111-20. Available from: http://researchonline.lshtm.ac.uk/2933/1/2933.pdf.
27. Lustosa AA, Nogueira LT, Pedrosa JIdS, Teles JBM, Campelo V. The impact of leprosy on health-related quality of life. Revista da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina Tropical [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 January 2018]; 44(5):621-6. Available from: http://www.scielo.br/ scielo.php?pid=S0037-86822011000500019&script=sci_arttext.
28. Varkevisser CM, Lever P, Alubo O, Burathoki K, Idawani C, Moreira TM, et al. Gender and leprosy: case studies in Indonesia, Nigeria, Nepal and Brazil. Leprosy Review [Internet]. 2009 [cited 2018 January 17]; 80(1):65-76. Available from: https://pure.uva.nl/ws/files/819322/ 90127_322367.pdf.
29. Calcraft J. The effects of the stigma of leprosy on the income generation of leprosy affected people in the terai area of south east Nepal. Asia Pacific Disability Rehabilitation Journal [Internet]. 2006 [cited 2018 January 17]; 17(2):73-89. Available from: http://www.dinf.ne.jp/ doc/english/asia/resource/apdrj/v172006/lepstigma-nepal.html.
30. John AS, Rao PSS, Das S. Assessment of needs and quality care issues of women with leprosy. Leprosy Review [Internet]. 2010 [cited 2018 January 19]; 81(1):34-40. Available from: https://www.lepra.org.uk/ platforms/lepra/files/lr/Mar10/Lep34-40.pdf.
31. Thilakavathi S, Manickam P, Mehendale S. Disclosure of leprosy by health care providers in South-India: Patients’ perception and relevance to leprosy control, Tamil Nadu. Indian Journal of Leprosy [Internet]. 2015 [cited 2018 January 19]; 87(3):155-60. Available from: https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Manickam_Ponnaiah/publication/289675364_Disclosure_of_leprosy_by_health_care_providers_in_ SouthIndia_Patients’_perception_and_relevance_to_leprosy_control_Tamil_N adu/links/56e643bc08ae98445c217497.pdf.
32. Dijkstra JIR, Brakel WHV, Elterem MV. Gender and leprosy-related stigma in endemic areas: a systematic review. Leprosy Review [Internet]. 2017 [cited 2018 January 19]; 88:419-40. Available from: https://www.lepra.org.uk/platforms/lepra/files/lr/Sept17/Lep419- 440.pdf.
33. Mankar MJ, Joshi SM, Velankar DH, Mhatre RK, Nalgundwar AN. A comparative study of the quality of life, knowledge, attitude and belief about leprosy disease among leprosy patients and community members in Shantivan Leprosy Rehabilitation centre, Nere, Maharashtra, India. Journal of Global Infectious Diseases [Internet]. 2011 [cited 2018 January 19]; 3(4):378-82. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm. nih.gov/pmc/articles/pmc3249995/.
Recommended Citation
Astutik E , Gayatri D .
Perceived Stigma in People Affected by Leprosy in Leprosy Village of Sinatala, Tangerang District, Banten Province, Indonesia.
Kesmas.
2018;
12(4):
178-186
DOI: 10.21109/kesmas.v12i4.1756
Available at:
https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/kesmas/vol12/iss4/6
Included in
Biostatistics Commons, Environmental Public Health Commons, Epidemiology Commons, Health Policy Commons, Health Services Research Commons, Nutrition Commons, Occupational Health and Industrial Hygiene Commons, Public Health Education and Promotion Commons, Women's Health Commons