Abstract

Kepribadian dapat memengaruhi respons individu yang dapat berdampak pada proses persalinan lama. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan adanya hubungan kepribadian dengan waktu persalinan. Tipe kepribadian ekstrover (tipe A) cenderung lebih rentan terhadap stres dibandingkan orang dengan tipe kepribadian introvert (tipe B). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tipe kepribadian ekstrover dan variabel luar (pendidikan, ekonomi, usia ibu dan paritas) dengan persalinan kala II lama. Studi kasus kontrol dilakukan pada 156 ibu bersalin yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi pada tahun 2015 di Yogyakarta. Sampel kasus adalah 52 ibu dengan persalinan kala II lama dan kontrol adalah 104 ibu dengan persalinan kala II normal. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode purposive sampling. Tipe kepribadian dinilai menggunakan kuesioner tipe A/B Jenkins Activity Survey. Analisis data menggunakan regresi logistik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan 80,8% kala II persalinan lama terjadi pada ibu dengan kepribadian tipe Adan 19,2% pada ibu dengan kepribadian tipe B. Tipe kepribadian ekstrover memiliki hubungan signifikan terhadap kala II persalinan lama (nilai p = 0,00). Ibu dengan kepribadian tipe A berisiko 8.2 kali (95% CI: 3,7-18,4) mengalami persalinan kala II lama dibandingkan ibu dengan kepribadian tipe B setelah dikontrol variabel status ekonomi, paritas, pendidikan dan usia ibu. Personality can affect individual’s response that implicate in duration of labor. Previous studies showed relationship between personality and duration of labor. People with extrovert personality type (type A) tend to be more susceptible to stress than introvert personality type (type B). This study aimed to determine correlation between extrovert personality type and prolonged second stage of labor by considering external variables such as maternal education, economy, age and parity. A case control study was conducted on 156 parturient women who fulfilled the inclusion criteria of study, such as in Yogyakarta in 2015. Case samples were 52 women with prolonged second stage of labor and control were 104 women with normal second stage of labor. Purposive sampling method was used. Personality type assessment used type A/B questionnaire of Jenkins Activity Survey. Data analysis used logistic regression. Results showed that 80.8% prolonged second stage of labor occurred in type A mothers and 19.2% in type B mothers. Extrovert personality type had a significant correlation with prolonged second stage of labor (p value = 0.00). Type A mothers have a risk 8.2 times (95% CI: 3.7-18.4) of prolonged second stage of labor than type B mothers after be controlled with economic status, parity, maternal education and age.

References

1. Altman M, Sandström A, Petersson G, Frisell T, Cnattingius S, Stephansso, O. Prolonged second stage of labor is associated with low Apgar score. European Journal of Epidemiology. 2015; 30(11): 1209–15.

2. Li W, Zhang H, Ling Y, Jin S. Effect of prolonged second stage of labor on maternal and neonatal outcomes. Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine. 2011; 4(5): 409-11

3. American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. Operative vaginal delivery. Clinical management guidelines for obstetrician-gynecologists. American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology. International Journal Gynaecology & Obstetric. 2001; 74(1): 69–76.

4. Brown S, Gartland D, Donath S, MacArthur C. Effects of prolonged second stage, method of birth, timing of caesarean section and other obstetric risk factors on postnatal urinary incontinence:an Australian nulliparous cohort study. An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. 2011;118(8): 991-1000.

5. Statistics Indonesia, National Population and Family Panning Board, Ministry of Health & Measure DHS ICF Internasional. Indonesia Demographic and Survey 2012. Jakarta. 2013.

6. Laughon SK, Berghella V, Reddy UM, Sundaram R, Lu Z, Hoffman MK. Neonatal and maternal outcomes with prolonged second stage of labor. Obstetrics and Gynecology Journal. 2014;124 (1):57–67

7. Bleich AT, Alexander JM, McIntire DD, Leveno KJ. An analysis of second-stage labor beyond 3 hours in nulliparous women. American Journal of Perinatology. 2012; 29(9): 71–22.

8. Lee L, Jessica D, Azzam H. Management of spontaneous labour at term in healthy women. Journal of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada. 2016; 38(9): 843-65.

9. Rahmawati WR, Arifah S, Widiastuti A. Pengaruh pijat punggung terhadap adaptasi nyeri persalinan fase aktif lama kala II dan perdarahan persalinan pada primigravida. Kesmas: National Public Health Journal. 2013; 8(5): 204-9.

10. Boroujeni AA, Roohani A, Hasanimanesh A. The Impact of extroversi on and introversion personality types on EFL learners’ writing ability. Theory and Practice in Language Studies Journal. 2015; 5(1): 212-8.

11. Hassan HS. The effect of personality behavior pattern, type A and type B, on myocardial ischemia during daily life. The Iraq Postgraduate Medical Journal. 2007; 6 (4): 289-93.

12. Friedman M, Rosenman RH. Type A behaviour and your heart. New York: Plenum Press; 1996.

13. Kitte F, Kornitzer M, Dramaix M. Evaluation of type A personality. Postgraduate Medical Journal. 1986; 62(730): 781-3.

14. Darshani R. A review of personality types and locus of control as moderators of stress and conflict management. International Journal of Scientific and Research Publications, 2015; 4 (2):1-8.

15. Saryono. Health research instruments. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar; 2010.

16. Allison S, Stafford J, Anumba B. The effect of stress and anxiety associated with maternal prenatal diagnosis on feto-maternal attachment. BMC Women’s Health. 2011; 11(33):1-8

17. Lovallo WR. Stress & health: biological and psychological interactions. 1st ed. SAGE Publications: London. 1997.

18. Kelsey J, Whittemore AS, Evans AS, Thompson WD. Methods in observational epidemiology. Oxford: Oxford University Press; 1996.

19. Chitrayana C, Feby B, Lauren Y, Rumawas ME, Kidarsa VB. Kepribadian tipe A dan risiko hipertensi pada orang dewasa. Kesmas: National Public Health Journal. 2014; 8(8): 380-5.

20. Bibbey A, Carroll D, Roseboom TJ, Phillips AC, Rooij SR. Personality and physiological reactions to acute psychological stress. International Journal of Psychophysiology. 2013; 90(1): 28-36

21. Cale ME. A quantitative review of the relations between the “Big 3” higher order personality dimensions and antisocial behavior. Journal of Research in Personality. 2006; 40: 250–84

22. Potter PA, Perry AG. Buku ajar fundamental keperawatan: konsep, proses, dan praktik. Alih Bahasa: Komalasari R. Jakarta: EGC; 2005.

23. Gunarsa SD. Psikologi Perawatan. Jakarta: BPK Gunung Mulia; 2008.

24. Yadollahi P, Khormaie F, Makvandi S, Soofi A, Ariashekouh A, Hashemifard T. The relationship between personality traits and labor pain intensity. International Journal of Community Based Nursing and Midwifery. 2013; 1(4): 224-29.

Download

Share

COinS