Abstract
Indonesia and Singapore are among the ASEAN members and ready to welcome the implementation of the ASEAN Economic Community. The ASEAN Economic Community itself has been planned for a long time and the aim of establishing the ASEAN Economic Community is so that countries that are within ASEAN membership can face the problems of trade and economic activities on a large and global basis. This will certainly increase the number of cross-border transactions and investments between these two nations and other members of the ASEAN community. In reality, the cross-border transactions and investments also involve the Legal Entities and Natural Person outside ASEAN members. Along the way, in performing business activities, disputes between parties inevitably happened that would later create private international law (PIL) cases. Indonesia is considered among the Civil Law system countries, while Singapore is applying the Common Law system. In hearing private international law cases, Singapore court would apply the Spiliada principle in determining whether it is the Natural Forum or not to hear the case. A different approach is taken by the Indonesian court because it doesn’t have the application of the Spiliada principle. The idea of implementation of Spiliada principle by the Indonesian judiciary is proposed as a harmonizing way of approach to determining the Natural Forum both in Indonesia and Singapore jurisdiction, as well as if it is possible for other jurisdictions in the ASEAN community. With Indonesia not applying the Spiliada principle in International Private Law cases, there are differences in the main connecting factors which Indonesia must adapt adaptively to apply the Spiliada principle according to Indonesian national principles. As for Indonesia applying the Spiliada principle in International Private Law cases, It is hoped that it can harmonize Indonesia with Singapore and other ASEAN membership countries for the sake of the sustainability of the ASEAN Economic Community.
Bahasa Abstract
Indonesia dan Singapura termasuk anggota ASEAN dan sedang bersiap menyambut pelaksanaan Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN. Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN sendiri sudah direncanakan sejak lama dan tujuan dibentuknya Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN adalah agar negara-negara yang tergabung dalam keanggotaan ASEAN dapat menghadapi persoalan perdagangan dan kegiatan ekonomi secara besar dan mendunia. Hal ini pastinya akan meningkatkan jumlah transaksi dan investasi lintas batas di antara kedua negara dan dengan anggota lain dari komunitas ASEAN. Pada kenyataannya, transaksi dan investasi lintas batas juga mengikutsertakan badan hukum dan orang pribadi di luar negara-negara anggota ASEAN. Seiring berjalannya waktu, di dalam menjalankan kegiatan bisnisnya tidak dapat dihindari terjadi sengketa di antara para pihak yang diantaranya menimbulkan kasus-kasus Hukum Perdata Internasional. Indonesia termasuk di dalam sistem Hukum Civil Law, sedangkan Singapura menerapkan sistem Hukum Common Law. Di dalam mengadili perkara Hukum Perdata Internasional, Pengadilan Singapura akan menerapkan prinsip Spiliada untuk menentukan apakah sebagai forum yang berwenang atau tidak untuk mengadili perkara tersebut. Pendekatan yang berbeda ditempuh oleh Pengadilan Indonesia, karena tidak menerapkan prinsip Spiliada. Ide untuk menerapkan prinsip Spiliada oleh Peradilan di Indonesia menjadi usulan sebagai jalan mengharmonisasi pendekatan untuk menentukan Natural Forum (Forum atau Pengadilan yang berwenang) pada Yurisdiksi Indonesia dan Singapura, dan jikalau memungkinkan untuk diterapkan pada yurisdiksi-yurisdiksi pada komunitas negara-negara ASEAN. Dengan Indonesia yang tidak menerapkan prinsip Spiliada dalam kasus-kasus Hukum Perdata Internasional, maka terdapat perbedaan faktor penghubung pokok dimana Indonesia harus menyesuaikan secara adaptif untuk penerapan prinsip Spiliada sesuai asas kebangsaan Indonesia. Adapun dengan Indonesia menerapkan prinsip Spiliada dalam kasus Hukum Perdata Internasional, diharapkan yurisdiksi antara Indonesia dengan Singapura maupun negara-negara yang tergabung dalam keanggotaan ASEAN lainnya selaras demi keberlangsungan Masyarakat Ekonomi ASEAN.
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Recommended Citation
Silalahi, Ranto Sabungan
(2024)
"The Idea of Implementing Spiliada Principle for Indonesian Court in Hearing Private International Law Cases,"
Journal of Private International Law Studies: Vol. 1:
No.
1, Article 6.
DOI: 10.7454/JPILS.v1i1.1013
Available at:
https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/jpils/vol1/iss1/6