Abstract
Introduction. Physical frailty and cognitive impairment have a strong relationship and there are differences in factors associated with cognitive frailty. This research aimed to determine the prevalence of cognitive frailty and identify factors associated with cognitive frailty in the elderly population in hospital polyclinic. Methods. A cross-sectional study with secondary data on patients aged ≥60 years in the Internal Medicine Polyclinic of Atma Jaya Hospital, Jakarta, from May 2020 to May 2021. The independent variables of this study were age, cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, risk of malnutrition, risk of depression, and functional status. The alternative criteria by Won et al. were used to classify cognitive frailt. Bivariate analysis (chi-square test) and multivariate analysis (logistic regression) were performed using SPSS program. Results. There were 343 subjects with a median age of 66 years, 35% had cardiovascular disease, 5.2% had a high risk of malnutrition, 9.3% had depressive symptoms, 20.4% had a low functional status (ADL-Barthel index), 55.7% were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and 36.4% were diagnosed with dyslipidemia. The prevalence of subjects with cognitive frailty is 1.2% and 98.8% without cognitive frailty. The determinant factor of cognitive frailty is the presence of cardiovascular disease [OR 10.17 (95% CI 0.97-106.54); p=0.05]. Conclusions. Prevalence of cognitive frailty in elderly outpatients is 1.2%. The determinant factor of cognitive frailty is cardiovascular disease.
Bahasa Abstract
Pendahuluan. Physical frailty dan gangguan kognitif memiliki hubungan yang erat dan terdapat beberapa faktor yang dianggap berhubungan dengan cognitive frailty. Penelitian ini dirancang untuk menentukan prevalensi cognitive frailty dan menelaah lebih lanjut mengenai beberapa faktor yang berhubungan dengan cognitive frailty pada pasien usia lanjut di poliklinik rumah sakit. Metode. Penelitian ini meggunakan metode potong lintang dengan data sekunder pada pasien berusia ≥60 tahun di Poliklinik Penyakit Dalam Rumah Sakit Atma Jaya, Jakarta selama bulan Mei 2020 sampai Mei 2021. Variabel independen penelitian ini adalah usia, penyakit kardiovaskular, diabetes melitus tipe 2, dislipidemia, risiko malnutrisi, risiko depresi, dan status fungsioinal. Kriteria alternatif oleh Won, dkk digunakan dalam pengklasifikasian cognitive frailty. Analisis data menggunakan analisis bivariat (uji chi-square) dan multivariat (regresi logistik) dengan menggunakan program SPSS. Hasil. Terdapat 343 subjek dengan median usia 66 tahun, 35% memiliki penyakit kardiovaskular, 5,2% memiliki risiko tinggi malnutrisi, 9,3% memiliki gejala depresi, 20,4% memiliki status fungsional (ADL-Barthel index) ketergantungan, 55,7% didiagnosis diabetes melitus tipe 2, dan 36,4% didiagnosis dislipidemia. Prevalensi subjek dengan cognitive frailty adalah 1,2% dan 98,8% bukan cognitive frailty. Faktor determinan cognitive frailty adalah adanya penyakit kardiovaskular [OR 10,17 (IK 95% 0,97-106,54); p=0,05]. Kesimpulan. Prevalensi lansia di poliklinik dengan cognitive frailty adalah 1,2%. Faktor determinan cognitive frailty adalah adanya penyakit kardiovaskular. Kata Kunci: Cognitive frailty, faktor determinan, kerentaan, usia lanjut
Recommended Citation
Santoso, Valencia and Rensa, Rensa
(2022)
"Determinant Factors of Cognitive Frailty in Elderly Patients,"
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia: Vol. 9:
Iss.
4, Article 21.
DOI: 10.7454/jpdi.v9i4.1021
Available at:
https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/jpdi/vol9/iss4/21
