Abstract
Introduction. Malnutrition in elderly patients, particularly those with colorectal cancer, increases morbidity, mortality, and length of hospital stay due to metabolic dysregulation and hypermetabolic perioperative response, affecting wound healing, infection risk, postoperative complications, and nutritional deficits. This study aimed to analyze whether nutritional status is a risk factor for in-hospital mortality in elderly patients after colorectal tumor resection.
Methods. A case-control matching study was conducted on elderly patients who underwent colorectal tumor resection, using secondary data from elderly inpatients at Dr. Kariadi General Hospital from January 2020 to April 2024. The collected data were analyzed using bivariate analysis with the Chi-square test and multivariate analysis with logistic regression.
Results. The study involved 48 elderly patients who died during treatment and 48 elderly patients who survived until the end of treatment. Nutritional screening assessed with Skrining Gizi Kariadi (SGK) was not associated with in-hospital mortality after colorectal tumor resection [p=0.306; OR 1.952 (95% CI 0.694-5.491)]. However, nutritional assessment based on American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) criteria was associated with in-hospital mortality after colorectal tumor resection [p<0.001; OR 5.800 (95% CI 2.345-14.344)]. The results of the multivariate analysis also revealed a significant link between nutritional status based on the ASPEN criteria (p=0.028) and a higher risk of in-hospital mortality in elderly patients after colorectal tumor resection.
Conclusion. Nutritional status, based on ASPEN criteria, is a risk factor for in-hospital mortality in elderly patients after colorectal tumor resection.
Bahasa Abstract
Pendahuluan. Malnutrisi pada pasien lanjut usia, khususnya dengan kanker kolorektal, meningkatkan morbiditas, mortalitas, dan lama rawat inap akibat dishomeostasis metabolisme dan respons hipermetabolik perioperasi, yang memengaruhi penyembuhan luka, risiko infeksi, komplikasi pasca operasi, dan defisit nutrisi. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis apakah status gizi merupakan faktor risiko mortalitas di rumah sakit pada pasien lanjut usia pasca reseksi tumor kolorektal.
Metode. Penelitian case-control matching dilakukan pada pasien lanjut usia yang menjalani reseksi tumor kolorektal. Penelitian menggunakan data sekunder pasien lanjut usia yang dirawat inap di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr. Kariadi sejak bulan Januari 2020 hingga April 2024. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square dan multivariat dengan uji regresi logistik.
Hasil. Penelitian ini melibatkan 48 pasien lanjut usia yang meninggal dalam perawatan dan 48 pasien lanjut usia yang tetap hidup hingga akhir perawatan. Skrining status gizi menggunakan Skrining Gizi Kariadi (SGK) tidak berhubungan dengan mortalitas di rumah sakit pasca reseksi tumor kolorektal [p=0,306; OR 1,952 (IK95% 0,694-5,491)]. Sedangkan, penilaian status gizi menggunakan kriteria malnutrisi American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition (ASPEN) berhubungan dengan mortalitas di rumah sakit pasca reseksi tumor kolorektal [p<0,001; OR 5,800 (IK95% 2,345-14,344)]. Hasil analisis multivariat juga menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara status gizi kriteria ASPEN (p=0,028) dengan peningkatan risiko mortalitas di rumah sakit pada pasien lanjut usia pasca reseksi tumor kolorektal.
Kesimpulan. Status gizi berdasarkan kriteria ASPEN secara signifikan meningkatkan risiko mortalitas di rumah sakit pada pasien lanjut usia pasca reseksi tumor kolorektal.
Kata Kunci: Lanjut usia, reseksi, status gizi, tumor kolorektal
Recommended Citation
Wulandari, Ayu Fitri Sekar; Budiono, Parish; and Mupangati, Yudo Murti
(2025)
"Status Gizi sebagai Faktor Risiko Mortalitas di Rumah Sakit pada Pasien Lanjut Usia Pasca Reseksi Tumor Kolorektal,"
Jurnal Penyakit Dalam Indonesia: Vol. 12:
Iss.
1, Article 2.
DOI: 10.7454/jpdi.v12i1.1661
Available at:
https://scholarhub.ui.ac.id/jpdi/vol12/iss1/2
