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JURNAL KOMUNIKASI INDONESIA

Abstract

In the case of the COVID-19 pandemic, it is necessary to reduce the risk of spreading COVID-19 through the vaccination program. Along with vaccination socialization, there is a lot of hoax information and disinformation related to vaccines which unfold distrust and reluctance among people to be vaccinated. However, it is different in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, especially the Sleman area, which has the highest vaccination rate and is declared to be completing the COVID-19 Vaccination in 11 months. This condition is an example of trust from the Sleman community listening to vaccination recommendations. The application of a cultural approach in increasing public trust to vaccinate against COVID-19 is also interesting to study further. Therefore, this study examines how the efforts to build public trust utilizing a cultural approach to crisis communication by the Department of Public Relations of the Sleman Government, which builds an image and manages the COVID-19 crisis, as well as being the Spokesperson for the COVID-19 Task Force. The research method used is a case study that explicitly discusses vaccination programs between January and May 2021. Data collection was done through in-depth interviews with the Department of Public Relations of the Sleman Government and secondary data through literature studies, related documents, and internet sources. The data analysis technique applies the approach of Miles and Huberman (1998), with data validation techniques through source triangulation. The efforts of the Department of Public Relations of the Sleman Government generated a high level of trust due to the decentralization policy which strengthened their relation with the community. The analysis results prove that the application of crisis communication by the Department of Public Relations of the Sleman Government intersects and supports each other on public trust in both the selection of actors, the preparation of messages, and the use of media. The coverage of elements of public trust present in the crisis communication of the COVID-19 Vaccination program proves that there is a link between effective crisis communication which has implications for high public trust.

References

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Anggraini, A. P. (2021, Agustus 23). Kesehatan Kontan. Retrieved September 20, from Kontan.com: https://kesehatan.kontan.co.id/news/inilah-mitos-dan-hoax-vaksin-COVID-19-yang-menyebabkan-orang-takut-vaksinasi

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Anwar, Rostini. (2018). Hambatan Komunikasi Antarbudaya di Kalangan Pelajar Asli Papua dengan Siswa Pendatang di Kota Jayapura. Jurnal Common, 2 (2), 139-149.

Apriliani, R. (2021, Desember 2). Repository UGM. Retrieved Juni 2022, from Repository UGM:http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/206326

Bahagia, B., Hudayana,B., Wibowo,R., Anna, Z. (2020). Local Wisdom to Overcome Covid-19 Pandemic of Urug and Cipatat Kolot Societies in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Forum Geografi, 34(2), 143-160.

Budiarjo, M. (2008). Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Politik Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: Gramedia.

Coombs, W. T., & Holladay, S. J. (2014). How publics react to crisis communication efforts: Comparing crisis response reactions across sub-arenas. Journal of Communication Management.

Dewi, S. N. (2020). Sleman Tangguh COVID-19. Sleman: Pemerintah Kabupaten Sleman

Dugan, E., Trachtenberg, F., & Hall, M. A. (2005). Development of abbreviated measures to assess patient trust in a physician, a health insurer, and the medical profession. BMC Health Services Research, 5(64), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-5-64

Fairuzzaman, F., Rakasiwi, D.A., Wibowo, G.A., Ayuningtyas, I. R. (2021). Law and Justice, 6(2), 174-190.

Fatima Oliveira, M. D. (2013). Multicultural environments and their challenges to crisis communication. The Journal of Business Communication (1973), 50(3), 253-277.

Fauzia, A., & Hamdani, F. (2021). Pendekatan Socio-Cultural dalam Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi COVID-19 di Indonesia. Seminar Nasional Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang, 7(1), 323-338.

Fearn-Banks, K. (2011). Crisis Communications Today. In Student Workbook to Accompany Crisis Communications (pp. 9-15). Routledge.

Fitch, B. (2004). Media Relations Handbook for Agencies, Associations, Nonprofits and Congress. Alexandria: TheCapitol.Net.

Gantari, S.R., Purworini, D. (2021). The Role of Communication on Self-Isolation during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Social Support Theory Approach. Atlantis Press, Proceedings of the International Conference on Community Empowerment and Engagement (ICCEE 2021), Vol 661.

Gilson, L. (2003). Trust and The Development of Health Care as A Social Institution. Social Science and Medicine, 56(7), 1453–1468.

https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00142-9

Hall, M. A., Dugan, E., Zheung, B., & Mishra, A. K. (2001). Trust in Physicians and Medical Institutions: What Is It, Can It Be Measured, and Does It Matter? The Milbank Quarterly, 79(4), 613–639.https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.00223

Irfani, K., Arif, L. (2022). Strategi Membangun Kepercayaan Publik Dalam Penanganan COVID-19 Di Kota Surabaya. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Publik dan Kebijakan Sosial, 6 (1), 69-86.

Kairoot, R., Ersya, M. P. (2021). Analisis Tingkat Kepercayaan Masyarakat terhadap Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Penanganan COVID-19 oleh Pemerintah Kecamatan Kubung. Journal of Civic Education, 4(4), 371- 378.

Kunjana, G. (2021, June 26). Kemkominfo Temukan 1.670 hoaks Terkait Covid -19. investor.id. Retrieved June 5, 2022, from https://investor.id/it-and-telecommunication/253148/kemkominfo-temukan-1670-hoaks-terkait-COVID-19

Lestiyanti, A.S., Purworini, D. (2022). Pengaruh Berita Lonjakan Kasus COVID-19 Pada Akun Instagram @Kemenkes_RI Terhadap Minat Vaksinasi Followers Akun @Kemenkes_RI. Jurnal Komunikasi dan Teknologi Informasi, 14(2), 259-275.

Liu, B. F., & Levenshus, A. B. (2011). Crisis Public Relations for Government Communicators. In M. Lee, G. Neeley, & K. Stewart, The Practice of Government Public Relations (pp. 113-123). Boca Raton: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.

Melasuo, T. (2009). Cultural dimensions in crises in general and in crisis management in particular. Varying Cultures in Modern Crisis Management, 13.

Muchmamadun, Rachmad, S. H., Handiyatmo, D., & Tantriana, A. (2020). Peran Tokoh Agama dalam Menangani Penyebaran COVID-19. Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Lintas Budaya, 5(1), 87-96.

Nabila, I. (2020, March 4). Ma'Ruf Amin sebut Doa Qunut Cegah virus Corona, PAN: 2 WNI Positif, Apa Doa Sudah Tidak Makbul? Tribunnews.com. Retrieved June 5, 2022, from https://m.tribunnews.com/nasional/2020/03/04/maruf-amin-sebut-doa-qunut-cegah-virus-corona-pan-2-wni-positif-apa-doa-sudah-tidak-makbul?page=2

Porawouw, R. (2016). Eran Tokoh Masyarakat Dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Pembangunan. FISIP Unsrat Manado, 1(1), 1-17.

Prasasati, S. (2020). Konseling Indigenous dalam Masa New Norma. Widya Wacana: Jurnal Ilmiah, 15(2), 133-139.

Prasetiyo, W. H., Wijaya, G., Rachman R. F., Amini, M.Z., Wijaya, E.J., Prabowo, A. (2021). Peningkatan Kesadaran Protokol Kesehatan COVID-19 pada Masyarakat Desa Baleharjo, Buletin KKN Pendidikan, 3(2), 91-99.

Irfani, K., Arif, L (2022). Strategi Membangun Kepercayaan Publik Dalam Penanganan Covid-19 Di Kota Surabaya. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Publik dan Kebijakan Sosial 6(1), 69-86.

Saputri, D., Mulyatini, N., & Basari, M. A. (2021). Pengaruh Tagline dan Brand Ambassador Terhadap Brand Awareness (Studi pada Produk Motor Yamaha di PT. Bahana Cahaya Sejati Ciamis). Business Management and Entrepreneurship Journal, 2(4), 80-92.

Seeger, M. W., Sellnow, T. L., & Ulmer, R. R. (2003). Communication and Organizational Crisis. Westport: Praeger

Tanny, T. F., & Al-Hossienie, C. A. (2019). Trust in Government: Factors Affecting Public Trust and Distrust. Jahangirnagar Journal of Administrative Studies, 12(1), 49-63.

Wahyuningsih, R.D (2011). Membangun Kepercayaan Publik melalui Kebijakan Sosial Inklusif. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 15(1), 29–40. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.10923

Wertz, E. K., & Kim, S. (2010). Cultural issues in crisis communication: A comparative study of messages chosen by South Korean and US print media. Journal of Communication management.

Wicaksono. (2021, Juni 21). Tempo. Retrieved September 2021, from Tempo.co: https://travel.tempo.co/read/1475014/sleman-yogyakarta-jadi-surga-hotel-dan-restoran-vaksinasi-COVID-19-terbanyak

Widiantara, I.K.A. (2020). Infodemik COVID-19: Momentum Membangun Kepercayaan Publik Terhadap Media Mainstream. Danapati: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 1(1), 67-81.

Adahl, S. (2009). Culturally Confident Crisis Management–Some hints from an anthropologist. Varying Cultures in Modern Crisis Management, 103.

Anggraini, A. P. (2021, Agustus 23). Kesehatan Kontan. Retrieved September 20, from Kontan.com: https://kesehatan.kontan.co.id/news/inilah-mitos-dan-hoax-vaksin-COVID-19-yang-menyebabkan-orang-takut-vaksinasi

Annur, C. M. (2021, May 5). Indikator: Mayoritas Masyarakat Indonesia Percaya Jokowi Mampu Tangani COVID-19 | Databoks. Retrieved June 29, 2021, from Databoks website: https://databoks.katadata.co.id/datapublish/2021/05/05/indikator-mayoritas- masyarakat-indonesia-percaya-jokowi-mampu-tangani-COVID-19

Anwar, Rostini. (2018). Hambatan Komunikasi Antarbudaya di Kalangan Pelajar Asli Papua dengan Siswa Pendatang di Kota Jayapura. Jurnal Common, 2 (2), 139-149.

Apriliani, R. (2021, Desember 2). Repository UGM. Retrieved Juni 2022, from Repository UGM:http://etd.repository.ugm.ac.id/penelitian/detail/206326

Bahagia, B., Hudayana,B., Wibowo,R., Anna, Z. (2020). Local Wisdom to Overcome Covid-19 Pandemic of Urug and Cipatat Kolot Societies in Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Forum Geografi, 34(2), 143-160.

Budiarjo, M. (2008). Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Politik Edisi Revisi. Jakarta: Gramedia.

Coombs, W. T., & Holladay, S. J. (2014). How publics react to crisis communication efforts: Comparing crisis response reactions across sub-arenas. Journal of Communication Management.

Dewi, S. N. (2020). Sleman Tangguh COVID-19. Sleman: Pemerintah Kabupaten Sleman

Dugan, E., Trachtenberg, F., & Hall, M. A. (2005). Development of abbreviated measures to assess patient trust in a physician, a health insurer, and the medical profession. BMC Health Services Research, 5(64), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6963-5-64

Fairuzzaman, F., Rakasiwi, D.A., Wibowo, G.A., Ayuningtyas, I. R. (2021). Law and Justice, 6(2), 174-190.

Fatima Oliveira, M. D. (2013). Multicultural environments and their challenges to crisis communication. The Journal of Business Communication (1973), 50(3), 253-277.

Fauzia, A., & Hamdani, F. (2021). Pendekatan Socio-Cultural dalam Pelaksanaan Vaksinasi COVID-19 di Indonesia. Seminar Nasional Hukum Universitas Negeri Semarang, 7(1), 323-338.

Fearn-Banks, K. (2011). Crisis Communications Today. In Student Workbook to Accompany Crisis Communications (pp. 9-15). Routledge.

Fitch, B. (2004). Media Relations Handbook for Agencies, Associations, Nonprofits and Congress. Alexandria: TheCapitol.Net.

Gantari, S.R., Purworini, D. (2021). The Role of Communication on Self-Isolation during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Social Support Theory Approach. Atlantis Press, Proceedings of the International Conference on Community Empowerment and Engagement (ICCEE 2021), Vol 661.

Gilson, L. (2003). Trust and The Development of Health Care as A Social Institution. Social Science and Medicine, 56(7), 1453–1468.

https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/s0277-9536(02)00142-9

Hall, M. A., Dugan, E., Zheung, B., & Mishra, A. K. (2001). Trust in Physicians and Medical Institutions: What Is It, Can It Be Measured, and Does It Matter? The Milbank Quarterly, 79(4), 613–639.https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1111/1468-0009.00223

Irfani, K., Arif, L. (2022). Strategi Membangun Kepercayaan Publik Dalam Penanganan COVID-19 Di Kota Surabaya. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Publik dan Kebijakan Sosial, 6 (1), 69-86.

Kairoot, R., Ersya, M. P. (2021). Analisis Tingkat Kepercayaan Masyarakat terhadap Pelaksanaan Kebijakan Penanganan COVID-19 oleh Pemerintah Kecamatan Kubung. Journal of Civic Education, 4(4), 371- 378.

Kunjana, G. (2021, June 26). Kemkominfo Temukan 1.670 hoaks Terkait Covid -19. investor.id. Retrieved June 5, 2022, from https://investor.id/it-and-telecommunication/253148/kemkominfo-temukan-1670-hoaks-terkait-COVID-19

Lestiyanti, A.S., Purworini, D. (2022). Pengaruh Berita Lonjakan Kasus COVID-19 Pada Akun Instagram @Kemenkes_RI Terhadap Minat Vaksinasi Followers Akun @Kemenkes_RI. Jurnal Komunikasi dan Teknologi Informasi, 14(2), 259-275.

Liu, B. F., & Levenshus, A. B. (2011). Crisis Public Relations for Government Communicators. In M. Lee, G. Neeley, & K. Stewart, The Practice of Government Public Relations (pp. 113-123). Boca Raton: CRC Press Taylor & Francis Group.

Melasuo, T. (2009). Cultural dimensions in crises in general and in crisis management in particular. Varying Cultures in Modern Crisis Management, 13.

Muchmamadun, Rachmad, S. H., Handiyatmo, D., & Tantriana, A. (2020). Peran Tokoh Agama dalam Menangani Penyebaran COVID-19. Religious: Jurnal Studi Agama-Agama dan Lintas Budaya, 5(1), 87-96.

Nabila, I. (2020, March 4). Ma'Ruf Amin sebut Doa Qunut Cegah virus Corona, PAN: 2 WNI Positif, Apa Doa Sudah Tidak Makbul? Tribunnews.com. Retrieved June 5, 2022, from https://m.tribunnews.com/nasional/2020/03/04/maruf-amin-sebut-doa-qunut-cegah-virus-corona-pan-2-wni-positif-apa-doa-sudah-tidak-makbul?page=2

Porawouw, R. (2016). Eran Tokoh Masyarakat Dalam Meningkatkan Partisipasi Pembangunan. FISIP Unsrat Manado, 1(1), 1-17.

Prasasati, S. (2020). Konseling Indigenous dalam Masa New Norma. Widya Wacana: Jurnal Ilmiah, 15(2), 133-139.

Prasetiyo, W. H., Wijaya, G., Rachman R. F., Amini, M.Z., Wijaya, E.J., Prabowo, A. (2021). Peningkatan Kesadaran Protokol Kesehatan COVID-19 pada Masyarakat Desa Baleharjo, Buletin KKN Pendidikan, 3(2), 91-99.

Irfani, K., Arif, L (2022). Strategi Membangun Kepercayaan Publik Dalam Penanganan Covid-19 Di Kota Surabaya. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen Publik dan Kebijakan Sosial 6(1), 69-86.

Saputri, D., Mulyatini, N., & Basari, M. A. (2021). Pengaruh Tagline dan Brand Ambassador Terhadap Brand Awareness (Studi pada Produk Motor Yamaha di PT. Bahana Cahaya Sejati Ciamis). Business Management and Entrepreneurship Journal, 2(4), 80-92.

Seeger, M. W., Sellnow, T. L., & Ulmer, R. R. (2003). Communication and Organizational Crisis. Westport: Praeger

Tanny, T. F., & Al-Hossienie, C. A. (2019). Trust in Government: Factors Affecting Public Trust and Distrust. Jahangirnagar Journal of Administrative Studies, 12(1), 49-63.

Wahyuningsih, R.D (2011). Membangun Kepercayaan Publik melalui Kebijakan Sosial Inklusif. Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 15(1), 29–40. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.10923

Wertz, E. K., & Kim, S. (2010). Cultural issues in crisis communication: A comparative study of messages chosen by South Korean and US print media. Journal of Communication management.

Wicaksono. (2021, Juni 21). Tempo. Retrieved September 2021, from Tempo.co:https://travel.tempo.co/read/1475014/sleman-yogyakarta-jadi-surga-hotel-dan-restoran-vaksinasi-COVID-19-terbanyak

Widiantara, I.K.A. (2020). Infodemik COVID-19: Momentum Membangun Kepercayaan Publik Terhadap Media Mainstream. Danapati: Jurnal Ilmu Komunikasi, 1(1), 67-81.

Yeo, J., Li, H., Shin, Y. A., & Haupt, B. (2023). Cultural approach to crisis management. In Global encyclopedia of public administration, public policy, and governance (pp. 2833-2836). Cham: Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-31816-5_794-1

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