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Effectiveness of Intradialytic Resistance Training on Muscle Mass and Strength in Patients on Hemodialysis

Abstract

Hemodialysis (HD) patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) lose muscle mass and strength due to protein energy wasting (PEW). The purpose of this study was to test the effectiveness of intradialytic resistance training (IRT) in increasing muscle mass and strength. It used a pre-experimental, one-group pretest-posttest design. Based on a sample size estimate using G*power software, 33 CKD patients undergoing HD at a private hospital in Bali were included. The patients were selected using purposive sampling. Muscle mass was measured using Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis (BIA), while muscle strength was measured using the Medical Research Council Muscle Scale. The Wilcoxon test evaluated IRT's efficacy on muscle strength, while the dependent samples t-test evaluated its impact on muscle mass. The results of this study found that IRT had no effect on muscle mass, with a mean difference of -0.330 (p = 0.274). On the contrary, IRT significantly improved muscle strength (p = 0.018). In conclusion, IRT proved beneficial for strengthening muscle but not for gaining muscle mass. Therefore, to improve muscle strength, patients with CKD undergoing HD are advised to actively perform IRT under supervision for a minimum of 30 minutes per day.

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